1. FDMA https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

2. GLONASS - FDMA signals 1 All GLONASS satellites transmit the same code as their SP signal; however each transmits on a different frequency using a 15-channel frequency division multiple access (FDMA) technique spanning either side from 1602.0 MHz, known as the L1 band https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

3. GLONASS - FDMA signals 1 The L2 signals use the same FDMA as the L1 band signals, but transmit straddling 1246 MHz with the center frequency determined by the equation 1246 MHz + n×0.4375 MHz, where n spans the same range as for L1. Other details of the HP signal have not been disclosed. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

4. OFDMA 1 'Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access' ('OFDMA') is a multi-user version of the popular orthogonal frequency- division multiplexing (OFDM) digital modulation scheme. Multiple access is achieved in OFDMA by assigning subsets of subcarriers to individual users as shown in the illustration below. This allows simultaneous low data rate transmission from several users. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

5. OFDMA - Claimed advantages over CDMA 1 * OFDMA can achieve a higher MIMO spectral efficiency due to providing flatter frequency channels than a CDMA rake receiver can. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

6. OFDMA - Characteristics and principles of operation 1 OFDMA resembles code division multiple access (CDMA) spread spectrum, where users can achieve different data rates by assigning a different code spreading factor or a different number of spreading codes to each user. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

7. OFDMA - Characteristics and principles of operation 1 OFDMA can be seen as an alternative to combining OFDM with time division multiple access (TDMA) or time-domain statistical multiplexing, i.e. packet mode communication. Low-data-rate users can send continuously with low transmission power instead of using a pulsed high- power carrier. Constant delay, and shorter delay, can be achieved. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

8. OFDMA - Characteristics and principles of operation 1 OFDMA can also be described as a combination of frequency domain and time domain multiple access, where the resources are partitioned in the time- frequency space, and slots are assigned along the OFDM symbol index as well as OFDM sub-carrier index. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

9. OFDMA - Characteristics and principles of operation 1 OFDMA is considered as highly suitable for broadband wireless networks, due to advantages including scalability and MIMO-friendliness, and ability to take advantage of channel frequency selectivity. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

10. OFDMA - Characteristics and principles of operation 1 In spectrum sensing cognitive radio, OFDMA is a possible approach to filling free radio frequency bands adaptively. Timo A. Weiss and Friedrich K. Jondral of the University of Karlsruhe proposed a spectrum pooling system in which free bands sensed by nodes were immediately filled by OFDMA subbands. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

11. OFDMA - Usage 1 OFDMA is also a candidate access method for the IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN). The project aims at designing the first cognitive radio based standard operating in the VHF-low UHF spectrum (TV spectrum). https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

12. OFDMA - Trademark and patents 1 The term OFDMA is claimed to be a registered trademark by Runcom Technologies Ltd.[http://www.runcom.com/], with various other claimants to the underlying technologies through patents. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

13. Global navigation satellite systems - FDMA signals 1 All GLONASS satellites transmit the same code as their standard-precision signal; however each transmits on a different frequency using a 15-channel frequency division multiple access (FDMA) technique spanning either side from 1602.0 MHz, known as the L1 band https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

14. Global navigation satellite systems - FDMA signals 1 The L2 band signals use the same FDMA as the L1 band signals, but transmit straddling 1246MHz with the center frequency 1246MHz + n×0.4375MHz, where n spans the same range as for L1.GLONASS transmitter specs In the original GLONASS design, only obfuscated high-precision signal was broadcast in the L2 band, but starting with GLONASS-M, an additional civil reference signal L2OF is broadcast with an identical standard-precision code to the L1OF signal. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

15. Channel access method - Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) 1 An example of FDMA systems were the first-generation (1G) cell-phone systems, where each phone call was assigned to a specific uplink frequency channel, and another downlink frequency channel https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

16. Channel access method - Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) 1 An advanced form of FDMA is the orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) scheme, for example used in 4G cellular communication systems. In OFDMA, each node may use several sub-carriers, making it possible to provide different quality of service (different data rates) to different users. The assignment of sub-carriers to users may be changed dynamically, based on the current radio channel conditions and traffic load. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

17. FDMA 1 FDMA, like other Multiple Access systems, coordinates access between multiple users https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

18. FDMA - Features 1 * In FDMA all users share the Transponder (satellite communications)|satellite transponder or frequency channel simultaneously but each user transmits at single frequency. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

19. FDMA - Features 1 * FDMA can be used with both analog and digital signal. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

20. FDMA - Features 1 * FDMA requires high-performing filters in the radio hardware, in contrast to Time division multiple access|TDMA and CDMA. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

21. FDMA - Features 1 * FDMA is not vulnerable to the timing problems that Time division multiple access|TDMA has. Since a predetermined frequency band is available for the entire period of communication, stream data (a continuous flow of data that may not be packetized) can easily be used with FDMA. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

22. FDMA - Features 1 * Due to the frequency filtering, FDMA is not sensitive to near-far problem which is pronounced for CDMA. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

23. FDMA - Features 1 FDMA, on the other hand, is an access method in the data link layer. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

24. FDMA - Features 1 FDMA also supports demand assignment in addition to fixed assignment. Demand assignment allows all users apparently continuous access of the radio spectrum by assigning carrier frequencies on a temporary basis using a statistical assignment process. The first FDMA demand-assignment system for satellite was developed by COMSAT for use on the Intelsat series IVA and V satellites. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

25. SC-FDMA 1 'Single-carrier FDMA' ('SC-FDMA') is a frequency-division multiple access scheme. Like other multiple access schemes (TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, OFDMA), it deals with the assignment of multiple users to a shared communication resource. SC-FDMA can be interpreted as a linearly precoded OFDMA scheme, in the sense that it has an additional Discrete Fourier transform|DFT processing preceding the conventional OFDMA processing. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

26. SC-FDMA 1 Goodman, “[http://hgmyung.googlepages.com/Single CarrierFDMA_VTmagSep06.pdf Single Carrier FDMA for Uplink Wireless Transmission]”, IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, vol https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

27. SC-FDMA 1 6, June 2002 pp.947–955 Although the performance gap is not much, SC-FDMA's additional advantage of low PAPR makes it a favorite especially for uplink wireless transmission in future mobile communication systems where transmitter power efficiency is of paramount importance. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

28. SC-FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC-FDMA 1 The process transmission of SC-FDMA scheme is very similar to OFDMA https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

29. SC-FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC-FDMA 1 In SC-FDMA, multiple access among users is made possible by assigning different users, different sets of non- overlapping fourier-coefficients (sub- carriers). This is achieved at the transmitter by inserting (prior to IFFT) silent fourier-coefficients (at positions assigned to other users), and removing them on the receiver side after the FFT. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

30. SC-FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC-FDMA 1 The distinguishing feature of SC-FDMA is that it leads to a single-carrier transmit signal, in contrast to OFDMA which is a multi-carrier transmission scheme. Subcarrier mapping can be classified into two types: localized mapping and distributed mapping. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

31. SC-FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC-FDMA 1 A special case of distributed SC-FDMA is called interleaved SC-FDMA (IFDMA), where the occupied subcarriers are equally spaced over the entire bandwidth.Xixia Leader in Converged IP Testing, Single Carrier FDMA in LTE, 915- 2725-01 Rev A November 2009 https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

32. SC-FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC-FDMA 1 Goodman, Peak-to-Average Power Ratio of Single Carrier FDMA Signals with Pulse Shaping, The 17th Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC ’06), Helsinki, Finland, Sep https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

33. SC-FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC-FDMA 1 In OFDM as well as SC-FDMA, equalization is achieved on the receiver side after the FFT calculation, by multiplying each Fourier coefficient by a complex number. Thus, frequency- selective fading and phase distortion can be easily combated. The advantage is that FFT and frequency domain equalization requires less computation power than the conventional time-domain equalization. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

34. SC-FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC-FDMA 1 4, April 2002, pp.58–66 The single carrier transmission, unlike SC-FDMA and OFDM employ no IFFT or FFT at transmitter, but introduce the cyclic prefix to transform the linear channel convolution into a circular one https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

35. Single-carrier FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC- FDMA 1 The transmission processing of SC- FDMA is very similar to that of OFDMA https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

36. Single-carrier FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC- FDMA 1 In SC-FDMA, multiple access among users is made possible by assigning different users different sets of non- overlapping fourier-coefficients (sub- carriers). This is achieved at the transmitter by inserting (prior to IFFT) silent fourier-coefficients (at positions assigned to other users), and removing them on the receiver side after the FFT. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

37. Single-carrier FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC- FDMA 1 A special case of distributed SC-FDMA is called interleaved SC-FDMA (IFDMA), where the occupied subcarriers are equally spaced over the entire bandwidth.Xixia Leader in Converged IP Testing, Single Carrier FDMA in LTE, 915- 2725-01 Rev A November 2009 https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

38. Single-carrier FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC- FDMA 1 Goodman, Peak-to-Average Power Ratio of Single Carrier FDMA Signals with Pulse Shaping, The 17th Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC ’06), Helsinki, Finland, Sep https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

39. Single-carrier FDMA - Transmitter and Receiver Structure of LP-OFDMA/SC-FDMA 1 In OFDM, as well as SC-FDMA, equalization is achieved on the receiver side, after the FFT calculation, by multiplying each Fourier coefficient by a complex number. Thus, frequency- selective fading and phase distortion can be easily combated. The advantage is that frequency domain equalization using FFTs requires less computation than conventional time-domain equalization. https://store.theartofservice.com/itil-2011-foundation-complete-certification-kit-fourth-edition-study-guide-ebook-and-online-course.html

40. For More Information, Visit: https://store.theartofservice.co m/itil-2011-foundation- complete-certification-kit- fourth-edition-study-guide- ebook-and-online-course.html https://store.theartofservice.co m/itil-2011-foundation- complete-certification-kit- fourth-edition-study-guide- ebook-and-online-course.html The Art of Service https://store.theartofservice.com