2. Greg Hyde Raymond Zheng Joseph Rojano Katie Bentley Lori Liebman P14414 P3 ARBORLOO WIND RESISTANCE TEST STAND 1

3.  Team Introductions  Project Statement  Customer & Engineering Requirements  Functional Decomposition  Morphological Chart  Benchmarking  Concept Generation & Selection  Risk Analysis  Project Plan  Summary OVERVIEW 2

4. TEAM INTRODUCTIONS 3 MemberMajorRole Greg HydeIndustrial Engineer Project Manager Raymond Zheng Mechanical Engineer Lead Engineer Joseph RojanoMechanical Engineer Secretary Katie BentleyMechanical Engineer Engineer Lori LiebmanMechanical Engineer Engineer

5. 4 Create test rig & procedure for scale testing No current test rig for arborloo Simulate Type I hurricanes Measure wind speed, forces Create test procedure for full size testing Recommendations for future design of arborloos PROJECT STATEMENT

6. 5 CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS Customer Need #ImportanceDescription CN19Demonstrate reliability and repeatability CN29Simulate wind speeds and forces of a Class 1 hurricane CN39Protect users and bystanders while testing CN49Protect other infrastructure and equipment from damage CN53Allow for different shapes and materials to be tested and compared CN63Allow for different weights and centers of gravity to be tested and compared CN71Utilize existing equipment while keeping current set-ups intact CN83Be creative in a manner for compact storage CN93Provide easy to read instructions on how to assemble and use in a safe manner CN103Is low cost (Budget <800) CN111Can be set up by 2 people CN121Can be set up and taken down quickly CN131Long lifespan CN149Be able to withstand projectile due to hurricanes

7. 6 ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS Spec Number SourceSpecificationDirection Units of Measure Marginal Value Ideal Value S1CN1, CN2Fluid speed rangemaximizemph3095 S2CN1, CN2Record time rangemaximizeminutes1360 S3CN1, CN2 Measure range of forces at base/tie downs maximizeNewtons40300 S5CN8Storage volumeminimizem^2tbd S6CN12Set up time of test rigminimizemin4020 S7CN11Required technicians to set upminimizepersons42 S8CN3, CN4 Safely contain all flying debris that may occur maximizepercent of mass90100 S9CN10Cost of entire systemminimize$800600 S10CN10Cost of most expensive componentminimize$300100 S11CN13Lifespan (hours of operation)maximizeyears210 S12CN9 Percent of students that can safely assemble the test rig maximizepercent85(for now)100 S13CN14,CN2Measure range of forces of projectilesmaximizeNewtons40300 S14CN5Size/shape compatibilitymaximizem^215 S15CN6Weight compatibilitymaximizeNewtons40150 S16CN7Can use existing RIT equipmentbooleann/aFALSETRUE

8. 7 HOUSE OF QUALITY Most Important Requirements Safely contain all flying debris that may occur (15.8%) Measure forces at base/tie downs(11.2%) Record fluid speed range (11.0%)

9. 8 FUNCTIONAL DECOMPOSITION

10. 9

11. 10 FUNCTIONAL DECOMPOSITION

12. 11 FUNCTIONAL DECOMPOSITION

13. 12 MORPHOLOGICAL CHART

14. 13 MORPHOLOGICAL CHART Our ideas for the test environment were not feasible and we needed to do in depth concept generation

15. 14 Information about wind pressure at various points of "yaw“ Modeling equations and data that can be modified to apply Up to 50mph, gives us some data points to compare BENCHMARKING

16. 15 BENCHMARKING

17. 16 Important point of "critical wind speed“, speed at which forces overcome the static friction which leads to failure BENCHMARKING

18. 17 PROCESS MAP

19. 18 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

20. 19 RIT Wind Tunnel CONCEPT GENERATION: EXISTING EQUIPMENT Scale Speeds – 1/6 Model Required Wind Tunnel fluid speed: ~570 mph Wind tunnel maximum fluid speed: ~120 mph Using a model that’s one sixth as small, Mimicked wind speed: ~20 mph ~40 mph for a 1/3 model

21. 20 RIT Tow Tank CONCEPT GENERATION: EXISTING EQUIPMENT Scale Speeds – 1/6 Model Required Tow Tank fluid speed: ~40.5 mph Tow Tank maximum fluid speed: ~2.2 mph Using a model that’s one sixth as small, Mimicked wind speed: ~5.2 mph ~10.5 mph for a 1/3 model

22. 21 CONCEPT GENERATION: CIRCULAR TOW TANK

23. 22 Maximum of 30 hp engine is feasible within our budget Assuming 10 ft track and 1/3 scale Power=30 hp=22,370 N*m/s Power=156.8*v 3 Max Velocity=5.22 m/s ~ 60% of desired speed Max simulated speed= 57 mph Max Feasible Simulated Wind Speed: Assuming 10 ft diameter track 1/3 Scale: Water speed= 8.7 m/s Drag Force= 11,868 N Power requirement @ 8.7 m/s=103,251 N*m/s Horsepower Needed= 138 hp 1/6 Scale: Water speed= 17 m/s Drag Force= 11,282 N Power requirement @ 17 m/s=191,794 N*m/s Horsepower Needed= 257 hp Simulating 95 mph Wind Speed (42.47m/s ) : CONCEPT GENERATION: CIRCULAR TOW TANK

24. 23 CONCEPT GENERATION: WATER PUMPS

25. 24 Areas that need to be covered: – 1/3 model - 186,050mm^2 – 1/6 model – 46513mm^2 The areas needed to are too small and too many pumps would be needed to cover the area of each model – Number of pumps needed: 1/3 model – 447 pumps 1/6 model – 284 pumps Simulating 95mph (42.47m/s) CONCEPT GENERATION: WATER PUMPS Reynold’s number of a full size model is approximately 5.5*10^6 – ρ=1.225kg/m^3, V=42.47m/s, L=1.83m, μ=1.73*10^-5Ns/m^2 Velocity of a model 1/3 the size in water is 8.07m/s – ρ=1000kg/m^3, L=0.61m –, μ=8.94*10^-4Ns/m^2 Velocity of a model 1/6 the size in water is 16.13m/s – ρ=1000kg/m^3, L=0.305m, μ=8.94*10^- 4Ns/m^2 If a pump has a volumetric flow rate of 50gpm (0.00315m^3/s) – V = 8.07m/s: A = 390mm^2 – V = 16.13m/s: A = 195mm^2

26. 25 1/3 model: 227 100gpm pumps x $268.04 = $60,845.08 1/6 model: 142 100gpm pumps x $268.04 = $38,061.68 CONCEPT GENERATION: WATER PUMPS

27. 26 CONCEPT GENERATION: TOW TANK HYBRID Equations

28. 27 CONCEPT GENERATION: TOW TANK HYBRID Required power obviously not feasible If v = 40mph, Vreq = 7.36m/s Fd = 2145N Preq = ~21hp Maximum testable wind speeds would be around 50mph with a 30hp engine assuming 2m/s lazy river velocity Simulating 95mph (42.47m/s) 1/6 Scale Required velocity of the system to be ~17.5m/s Drag force would be ~11455.6 N Required motor would need to be ~250hp 1/3 Scale Required velocity of the system to be ~8.75 m/s Drag force would be ~12124N Required motor would need to be ~140hp

29. 28 1/3 model: ~140hp → Chrysler ECC 2.0L I4 (150hp) ~$600 Commonly found in Dodge Neons 1/6 model: ~250hp → Nissan VQ35DE 3.5L V6 (286hp) ~$1500 Commonly found in Infiniti G35 or 350Z 40mph winds: ~21hp → Small engine (25hp) ~$550 CONCEPT GENERATION: TOW TANK HYBRID

30. 29 CONCEPT GENERATION: PISTON

31. 30 What if we could replicate the aerodynamic force felt by the wind with just pressure? Main downside is there is no longer an aerodynamic effect CONCEPT GENERATION: PISTON Scale Speeds – 1/6 th Model Required Piston Force: ~830 lbs. Required Piston Pressure: ~12psi Using a model that’s one sixth as small, Mimicked wind speed: ~95 mph

32. 31 CONCEPT SELECTION- 1 ST ITERATION

33. 32 CONCEPT SELECTION-2 ND ITERATION

34. 33 RISK ANALYSIS

35. 34 PROJECT PLAN

36. 35 Select scale model testing concept Expand design for selected concept Create test plan Acquire necessary test equipment Contact area specialists MOVING FORWARD

37.  Team Introductions  Project Statement  Customer & Engineering Requirements  Functional Decomposition  Morphological Chart  Benchmarking  Concept Generation & Selection  Risk Analysis  Project Plan SUMMARY 36

38. 37 QUESTIONS?