1. Civil War: Early Military Strategy
SWBAT: Describe the early military strategies of both the North and South

2. Do Now Take out multiple choice practice questions
Make sure ALL answers are on a separate piece of paper
Let’s Review!

3. Military Strategy: South
Why did the Confederacy have to adopt a more defensive strategy?
Robert E. Lee:
Leading Southern Commander
Confident battlefield tactician
Hoped series of defeats would weaken the North’s determination  North would abandon the conflict & recognize South’s independence

4. Military Strategy: North
In what aspects was the Union at a distinct advantage over the Confederacy?
April 1861:
15,000- armed forces, mostly stationed west of the Mississippi
Officers trained to lead small professional armies, NOT crowds of untrained men
Narrow military vision: recapture Richmond (Confederate capital), attack sporadically, and withdraw after a battle

5. Military Strategy: North
Anaconda Plan:
GOAL- to “strangle” south economically
Not effective until late in the war

6. War in the East
Most battles took place in a 100 mile corridor between Washington D.C. and Richmond, VA
1st Significant Battle: Bull Run, July 21, 1861
Result
The battle corrected both sides idea that the war would be a brief encounter
George B. McClellan (Democrat) assumed command of the Union’s Army of the Potomac (main northern force in the East)  hoped compromise might end the war without large loss of life or weakening of slavery
Months of military inactivity followed

7. War in the East Lee’s success on the defensive led to new goals:
Bring border states into Confederacy
Sway Britain & France to recognize independence
Capture Washington D.C.
Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862:
4,000 men killed (another 2,000 died later of injuries) and 18,000 wounded
More men died in this battle than any other day in our nation’s history (Pearl Harbor, D-Day in WWII, and September 11th)
Lee forced to retreat, Union victory (the last for many months)

8. Confederate dead lie in the "Bloody Lane"
President Lincoln and General George B. McClellan in the general's tent near the Antietam battlefield,
October 3, 1862

9. War in the West
Ulysses S. Grant orchestrated early Union success
A West Point graduate who had been working in Illinois as a clerk
February Union won first significant victory
April Union navy captured New Orleans & sugar plantations to the south and west
The hand-in-waistcoat (also referred to as hand-inside-vest, hand-in-jacket, hand-held-in, or hidden hand) was a gesture commonly found in portraiture during the 18th and 19th centuries. The pose appeared by the 1750s to indicate leadership in a calm and firm manner. The pose is most often associated with Napoleon I of France

10. Wrap Up
All of the following were part of the initial Union strategy to win the Civil War EXCEPT: a. A naval blockade of southern ports b. Control of the Mississippi River c. The capture of Richmond d. Keeping the border states in the Union e. Emancipation in the seceded states
The Confederate government was able to achieve which of the following goals? a. Recognition by a foreign power b. Frequent victories over Union armies c. A stable monetary system d. A strong central government e. Control of the southern river system
E, B