1. Nature vs. Nurture Nature: instinctual, biological, ( laughing, motherhood, warfare, religion, capitalism, and the creation of society. ) 10.000 human instincts. ( Sociobiology ) Nurture: social environment ( heredity, birth order, parental characteristics, cultural environment )

2. Heredity Heredity: transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to children. Aptitude: a capacity to learn a particular skill or acquire a particular body of knowledge Instinct: unchanging, biologically inherited behavior pattern

3. Birth Order Siblings: whether you have brothers or sisters. First child: more likely to achieve, and responsible than later born child. Later child: are more social and affectionate Middle child: sometimes seems to get into more mischief (try to get parents attention) Only Child, Foster Child, Adopted

4. Parental Characteristics Level of education Economic status Cultural heritage Occupational background Age Marital status

5. Cultural Environment United States vs. Europe or Asia (values, beliefs) Gender or Sexuality( male, female, gay ) Ethnicity, Italian, Hispanic, Asian, Region: Northeast (N.Y, Philly) South (Alabama), Midwest (Chicago), West (L.A.) Neighborhood