1. Urban sanitation markets: scale and resilience
organised by BOND’s UKWN and Overseas Development Institute
4th December 2015
Market-based Programming to Support Sustainable Sanitation Service Delivery after Typhoon Haiyan
Experiences from Eastern Samar Philippines
Jonathan Parkinson - Senior WaSH Programme Development Specialist, Oxfam GB
Esther Shaylor - Sanitation Marketing Specialist, Philippines, Oxfam GB

2. Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) - Nov 2013
Typhoon Hagupit approaching Samar, Philippines on December 6
Typhoon Haiyan affected more than 10 million people and displaced hundreds of thousands of people
Tacloban was the worst hit city
Significant damage to sanitation infrastructure, particularly at the household level,
Thousands of households were left without toilet facilities.
Sanitation infrastructure that remained overwhelmed by increased use
Major impacts on human health and dignity
Followed by Typhoon Hagupit
(Ruby) December 2014

3. Traditional humanitarian response
Water supply
Provision of bladder tanks and trucking water to relocation sites
Distribution of water ‘kits’
Sanitation
Construction of emergency toilets in relocation sites
Sanitation rehabilitation
Septage /fecal sludge management
Hygiene
Provision of hygiene kits
Hygiene promotion campaigns

4. NON-MARKET BASED (IN-KIND) EMERGENCY RESPONSES
So, what’s the problem ?
Exacerbate dependencies on external assistance.
Presents challenges for “exit strategy” and longer term sustainable solutions.
Weakens government agency involvement
Undermines market rehabilitation and economic recovery

5. PhATS - Philippine Approach to Total Sanitation
Transitionsing from emergency response to early recovery and development
PhATS - Philippine Approach to Total Sanitation
National strategy for promoting universal access to improved sanitation and hygiene behaviour focusing on ending open defecation and phased approach to sanitation development

6. Climbing up the Sanitation Ladder…

7. Development of WASH related products for a market based approach
Assessment of local manufacture processes
Using market assessment to look at material cost/availability
Development of design range of toilets for different markets
Training of masons in construction techniques
Develop an approach to support and encourage female masons for sanitation service delivery

8. Prices are blank to allow masons to factor in transport costs to the particular HH as for Islands an upland areas transport can be costly. Most of the upland areas can only be accessed by foot, motorbike or water buffalo drawn carts.

9. Support to sanitation suppliers/traders and service providers
WhAM - Integrated market-based programming
Support to beneficiaries to enable them to procure WASH goods and services
Support to sanitation suppliers/traders and service providers
Market strengthening actions to increase commerical opportunities for market actors

10. Move from sanitation marketing to WASH and Markets (WhAM)
Sanitation enterprise development
Understanding the market (market mapping and assessment)
Develop viable business models
Business planning and pilot business models
Provide organisational support from larger companies
Enabiling environment
Legitimisation of small-scale (informal) sanitation service providers
Monitoring of sanitation markets
Strengthen market regulatory framework
Market development in partnership with Chamber of Commerce

11. Enabling the poor to access sanitation
Micro-finance
Partnerships with Micro Finance Institutions
MFI loans cover construction costs with interest of 2.5% per month
Loan repayments in small weekly installments
Vouchers for the poorest
UNICEF-Oxfam low cost toilet subsidy
materials, toilet bowl, slab, etc
redeemed her voucher by placing her order with Oxfam’s MFI partner
construction by trained & accredited local masons

12. Current perspectives Challenges
Additional financing facilities : coops, savings groups etc.
Social franchising
Tapping into municipal funds to support capital investments
Septage management for sustainable O&M
Challenges
Helping finance organisations see WASH related products as profitable
Organisational attitudes and skillset to working with the private sector / MFIs
Getting government to play a regulatory/supporting role
Co-ordination and mainstreaming of approaches
There is a required mindset change to approach the programme as an incentivised (profit based) intervention from staff and supporting partners
Oxfam needs to have the right support mechanisms to facilitate partnerships with the private sector especially the financial sector

13. Strengthening the development – humanitarian response continuum
Emergency response
Rehabilitation
Shock
Market analysis and programming
Preparedness
Building resilience

14. Benefits of market-based approach
BENEFITS TO AFFECTED COMMUNITIES
Efficiency of delivery (from humanitarian agency perspective)
Livelihood benefits
CommercIal benefits
for businesses
BENEFITS TO MARKET ACTORS
Effectiveness of delivery from beneficiary perspective (including choice / preferences and dignity
Benefits to the economy during post-disaster rehabiliation and reconstruction
MULTIPLIER EFFECT

15. Thanks to the team !!!

16. For more information : Esther Shaylor Jonathan Parkinson
Sanitation Marketing Specialist, Philippines
| Skype: eshaylor
Jonathan Parkinson
Senior WaSH Programme Development Specialist
| skype: jonathan_oxfamgb