1. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Nonverbal Communication in the Organization 5 5 Eighth Edition

2. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 “…all intentional and unintentional messages that are not written, spoken, or sounded.” ThinkStock LLC/Index Stock Imagery

3. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Technical Level — rules are openly known & stated Formal Level — rules known; reasons not known Informal Level — neither rules nor reasons known; behaviors unconsciously learned Three levels of culture... On which level are the “rules” for proper elevator behavior found? NOVA Development

4. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Facial expressions & eye contact Body movements & gestures Clothing & personal appearance Distance & personal space Physical environment Time Types include...

5. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Shows interest and attentiveness Signals wish to participate Controls & persuades others In American culture... Which face is showing elation? Dread? Fear?

6. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Emblems Illustrators Regulators Adaptors Types include.. Types include... These cheerleaders are using which type gesture? Ronald Martinez/Getty Images

7. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Determines credibility, persuasiveness, status & hiring decisions Affects public perception of organizations Is problematic ( i.e., Casual Confusion Syndrome) Dress-down basics recommended Appropriate business & professional clothing... Christopher Robbins

8. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Intimate distance: contact - 18 inches Hall’s distance categories...

9. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Intimate distance: contact - 18 inches Personal distance: 18 inches - 4 feet Hall’s distance categories...

10. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Intimate distance: contact - 18 inches Personal distance: 18 inches - 4 feet Social distance: 4 - 12 feet Hall’s distance categories...

11. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Intimate distance: contact - 18 inches Personal distance: 18 inches - 4 feet Social distance: 4 - 12 feet Public distance: 12 feet or more Hall’s distance categories...

12. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Ugly versus attractive rooms Color & lighting Room size Odor Noise level Ergonomics Includes...

13. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Most business conducted on informal level Status determines sequences of lateness Time spent signals significance Perceptions of time depend on cultural background NOVA Development

14. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Include... Clothing (i.e., tie & jacket) Darker colors Office size, location, & interior arrangement Powerful nonverbal behaviors Time Gestures What gives this office status? NOVA Development

15. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Expansive, confident movements Tall, upright standing posture Relaxed, affable, familiar behavior Ability to turn one’s back on others Relaxed seated position; body leaning slightly Matthew Farruggio

16. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Small, controlled movements Any form of bowing or bowed posture Playing with an object or nervous shaking Hesitantly standing or sitting forward Tenseness, vigilance Matthew Farruggio

17. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 International cultures often use unexpected nonverbal symbols and meanings. Inadequate training given to expatriates: --65% companies provide no training --40% return home before scheduled time Culture shock! Result: Culture shock! And international business transactions... AP/Wide World Photos

18. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 According to Burgoon’s theory... If expectations are met, we judge favorably. If expectations not met (violated), we judge other’s unfavorably. How does this theory help explain the Coca- Cola case study? © Lisa Ryder/Alamy

19. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Verbal behaviors Verbal behaviors – humor, personal examples, using “we” & “our” Vocal behaviors Vocal behaviors – good volume, pitch, & vocal expressiveness Visual behaviors Visual behaviors – smiles, eye contact, relaxed posture, moving around “Promoting a feeling of closeness” by... © Jason Harris

20. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 Develop awareness of nonverbal differences Do not judge others according to own nonverbal meanings Do not assign nonverbal meanings out of context Observe your nonverbal behavior on videotape or ask others for feedback

21. Copyright © 2008 Wadsworth / Ch. 5 5 5