2. Interlanguage by Prof.ZengPuchu Foreign Language Institute XTU

3. 1.Concept Language input → system builder → interlanguage system ↓ ↓ ↓ The language that The TL learner ’ s learner ’ s individual a learner ’ s may sink LAD LAD+system of TL in

4. 2.Definition The type of language produced by SL &FL learners who are in the process of learning a certain language (from Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching & Applied Linguistics)

5. TL TL learner The systematic knowledge built,by the TL learner, in the process of language acquisition (Selinker,1969) My understanding &explanation: “ inter ” → “ enter ”

6. The Stages of TL Learning level → → → → ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ the TL learner NL TL Nemser(1971) point out: the process of SL acquisition (which constructs a system)is developed gradually,and revised by the SL learner,in the development of acquisition,the learner ’ s LAD is nearer and nearer to the TL,and farther and farther away to source language(first language) Nemser calls it “ approximative system ”

7. 3.Production of interlanguage system Language input → system builder → interlanguage system input the stages of “ ready-to-go ” time 1 time 2 time 3 stage of -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- fossilization stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 backsliding

8. 4.Characteristics of interlanguage system 4.1 dynamic 4.2 systematic 4.3 variability

9. 4.1 dynamic The TL learner constantly absorbs knowledge and expressions of TL by “ hypothesis -testing ”

10. 4.2 systematic learning&acquisition regulations of verbs in declaration as in single form structure copula of BE in plural form as auxiliary verb continuous tense ( -ing ) as pf in past tense as pp in present/past perfect tense

11. 4.3 variability linguistic syste- contexts form-function innate of matic psycholinguistic a learner circumstances 共时 non-systematic ( 水平 ) between different variation of learners linguistic form 历时 ( 垂直 )

12. 5. interlanguage from the view- point of cognition 5.1 utterances in thinking process ① FL thansfer utterances of ② overgeneralization in varied learner,and SL learning process rules of absorbed utterances ③ transfer in training TL from others

13. 5.2 strategies in solution · 5.2.1 in communication · 5.2.2 in memorizing by awareness

14. 6.Theory of Interlanguage 6.1 Monitor Theory (S.D.Krashen) 6.2 Capability Continuum (E.Tarone)