1. Initial JIPOE As of 1800hrs, 13 Mar 15
OP Vanuatu Assist
Initial JIPOE
As of 1800hrs, 13 Mar 15

2. Latest Reporting UNCLASSIFIED
TC PAM
13 Mar 15, 1645h: Very destructive hurricane force winds of 230km/h is affecting MALAMPA, SHEFA and extending to TEFEA
Destructive storm force winds of 110km/h will continue to affect TORBA, SANMA and PENAMA provinces
Severe TC CAT 5, damaging gale force winds & rough seas for all provinces
Coastal flooding of low lying areas
High storm surge
Eye of TC expected to pass close to Port Vila
Vanuatu Government Actions to Date:
Vanuatu Mobile Force (VMF) evacuations of vulnerable communities in Port Vila area (13 Mar 15) – visible patrols in the city
Only essential services offered from Port Vila central hospital – no ambulance response from 1300, 13 Mar 15.
Bauerfield Airport closed (all flights cancelled UFN) – reassessed at 1600, 14 Mar 15
Likely Humanitarian Impact
Low lying communities impacted by storm surge
Health and disease issues in aftermath
Communications damage likely to be significant
NZ HICOM (Port Vila)
HICOM closed, despatching NZDF from 16 Mar 15.
Australian HICOM (Port Vila)
CAP YELLOW – RED in coming hrs, Chancery closed
845 registered Australians, likely in Vanuatu based on DFAT estimate
Post response committee meeting 1200, 14 Mar 15
Likely Requests for Support
Australia is the current FRANZ chair – next meeting for 1330, Sat 14 Mar 15
Expected request for aerial surveillance, release of pre-positioned emergency relief stores & logistics
Support through Australian Civilian Corps
Vanuatu Humanitarian Team meeting – 1000, Sun 15 Mar 15 – coordination of response efforts
Expecting a larger response support effort from international community once damage assessed in next 48-72hrs
Sources: DFAT TC PAM SITREP 4, DJFHQ JPG 13 Mar 15

3. TC Activity & Projections
UNCLASSIFIED
TC Activity & Projections

4. TC Activity & Projections
UNCLASSIFIED
TC Activity & Projections

5. TC Activity & Projections
UNCLASSIFIED
TC Activity & Projections

6. TC Activity & Projections
UNCLASSIFIED
TC Activity & Projections

7. TC Activity & Projections
UNCLASSIFIED
TC Activity & Projections

8. TC Activity & Projections
UNCLASSIFIED
TC Activity & Projections

9. TC Activity & Projections
UNCLASSIFIED
TC Activity & Projections

10. Vanuatu Theatre Geometry
UNCLASSIFIED
Vanuatu Theatre Geometry

11. Areas of Interest

12. Country Overview UNCLASSIFIED
Vanuatu is located on the Oceania continent
Population is 221,552 inhabitants
Capital is Port Vila
Area is 12,200sqkm
Phone country code is 678 Climate
Average midday temperatures in Port-Vila range from 25°C in winter to 29°C in summer
Humidity averages approx 74%
Rainfall on Efate is approx 230cm annually
Tropical oceanic climate is moderated by south-eastern trade winds (between May and Oct)
Cyclones may occur between Nov and Apr
Subject to earthquakes, volcanic activity, tsunami and landslides
Seven earthquakes were recorded in 2011, all of which were at least a 6.0 magnitude)
Provinces
Vanuatu is divided into six provinces
Provinces of Vanuatu
Province
Capital
Main Islands
Land Area (km2)
Population (2009)
Malampa
Lakatoro
Ambrym, Malakula, Paama
2779
36727
Penama
Longana
Pentecost Island, Ambae, Maewo
1198
30819
Sanma
Luganville
Santo, Malo
4248
45855
Shefa
Port Vila
Efate, Shepherd Islands
1455
78723
Tafea
Isangel
Tanna, Aniwa, Futuna, Erromango, Anatom
1628
32540
Torba
Sola
Banks, Torres Islands
882
9359
Vanuatu
Total: 12189
Total:

13. Geography, Topography & Hydrography
UNCLASSIFIED
Geography, Topography & Hydrography
Geography
Total land area: 12,200km2
Neighboring countries: - Fiji and Samoa (east)
- Australia (west)
- PNG (north west)
Other countries of interest is New Caledonia (south west); has dispute over Matthew and Hunter Islands
Distance from Port Vila (Capital) to Brisbane is 1947km
Topography & Hydrography
Terrain
Most of the islands are forested and mountainous with narrow coastal strips
Islands are of coral and volcanic origin and rise steeply with uneasy soils and little permanent freshwater
2005 estimate: 9% land is used for agriculture (7% permanent crops, 2% arable land)
Shoreline is usually rocky with fringing reefs and no continental shelf, dropping rapidly into ocean
Obstacles
Active volcanoes on several islands (including Ambrym, Lopevi and Tanna), and also underwater
Highest peak (Tabwemasana) on Espiritu Santo, rises 1878m above sea level

14. Demographics UNCLASSIFIED Languages
National language is Bislama (Pidgen language)
Official languages are Bislama, French and English
Bislama is the only language that can be understood and spoken by the majority of population
113 indigenous languages are still actively spoken
Density of languages per capita is highest in the world (average 2000 speakers per language)
Religion
Predominant religion is Christianity
Presbyterian Church is the largest and is adhered to by 1/3 of the population
Roman Catholic and Anglican are common (each about 15% of the population)
Others include Seventh-day Adventist Church, Church of Christ and Neil Thomas Ministries (NTM)
Church Aid Agencies
Presaid (Presbyterian Church)
Roman Catholic (Caritas) two projects:
Water security project: completed in Port Olry to ensure safe drinking water to the community
Disaster Risk Management Program – In the event of an emergency, young children know what to do and parents acknowledge and support school emergency plans
Health
>80% of the population live in rural, isolated villages
These have minimal access to basic health and education services
Churches and NGO’s provoide a minimal level of support to many rural villages
Govt health and education services are hard pressed to deal with rapid increase of urban and peri-urban populations
Health services in Port Vila and Luganville provide reasonable health care

16. Tropical Cyclone History Tropical Cyclone Lusi in 2014
Historical Cyclone Events
Tropical Cyclone Lusi
Category 1, increased to Category 2 over Vanuatu
Mar 14
Impact reports:
10 dead
4 injured
149 people displaced
117 houses damaged
3 classrooms destroyed
2 churches destroyed
Initial reports indicated the following provinces were affected assessment teams identified food security risks for households in:
Penama (Pentecost, Maewo and Ambae)
Malampa (Ambrym)
Torba (Gaua, Merig, Vanualava and Merelava)
Sanma (South Santo)
Shefa (Teouma and Shepherd Islands – Emae, Mataso, Makira and Buniga)
Immediate priorities identified:
HA required for people of South Santo village
Emergency NFIs, shelter, water and food for displaced people
Food security to minimise impact of the cyclone on food supply
Water and sanitation systems to be repaired in priority areas
Replace school supplies and repair damaged school facilities
Protection monitoring for displaced communites and families
Tropical Cyclone History
Tropical Cyclone Lusi in 2014

17. What occurred during the last Cyclone in Vanuatu:
UNCLASSIFIED
TC Pam Context
What occurred during the last Cyclone in Vanuatu:
TC Lusi (2014) CAT 2 passed 85km to the west of Port Villa. The initial impact reports from the provinces indicated the following:
10 dead, 4 injured, 149 people displaced (60 in Santo, 52 in Emae, 37 in nth Pentecost), 117 houses damaged (27 Emae) (11 Maewo) (37 nth Pentecost)(42 Efate) 3 classrooms destroyed (2 in Hiu, 1 in Herebala –Torba Province), churches destroyed – (Maewo and Ambae)
TC Pam is a Cat 5 with 275km winds. This will have a major impact on the community in terms of comms, law and order and most importantly the ability for the Local and District Provinces under their current outdated Disaster Management Plan.
Outlying islands to the west of Port Villa be significantly affected by TC Pam, likely requiring ADF logistical and medical assistance

18. Efate Island - Combined Population
UNCLASSIFIED
Efate Island - Combined Population

19. Tafae Island - Group Population
UNCLASSIFIED
Tafae Island - Group Population

20. Port Vila - Efate Island Population
UNCLASSIFIED
Port Vila - Efate Island Population

21. Tanna Island (North) - Population
UNCLASSIFIED
Tanna Island (North) - Population

22. Erromango Island - Population
UNCLASSIFIED
Erromango Island - Population

23. Anatom Island - Population
UNCLASSIFIED
Anatom Island - Population

24. Port Vila - Efate Island Storm Surge
UNCLASSIFIED
Port Vila - Efate Island Storm Surge

25. Tanna Island (North) - Storm Surge
UNCLASSIFIED
Tanna Island (North) - Storm Surge

26. Tanna Island (South) - Storm Surge
UNCLASSIFIED
Tanna Island (South) - Storm Surge

27. Erromango Island - Storm Surge
UNCLASSIFIED
Erromango Island - Storm Surge

28. Anatom Island - Storm Surge
UNCLASSIFIED
Anatom Island - Storm Surge

29. Tafae Island - Storm Surge
UNCLASSIFIED
Tafae Island - Storm Surge

30. Local Population Current Actions
UNCLASSIFIED
Local Population Current Actions
The local population are expected to congregate IVO schools and churches for shelter under the guidance of VPF
Medical centers IVO Port Villa are limited and their capacity to support a HA situation will be subject to RFI
80% of the population lives in rural areas with minimal access to medical services
Mostly grow their own food; however access to food and water in Port Villa post TC Pam will be difficult

31. UNCLASSIFIED
Vanuatu APODs & SPODs

32. Port Vila Surrounds & Key Locations
UNCLASSIFIED
Port Vila Surrounds & Key Locations

33. Effects of predicted storm surges
UNCLASSIFIED
Effects of predicted storm surges

34. UNCLASSIFIED
Medical facilities

35. Utilities and communications
UNCLASSIFIED
Utilities and communications
Electricity
Only about 27% of the population has reliable electricity, and only Port Vila, Luganville, Malekula, and Tanna are supported by municipal electricity
networks (by UNELCO)
Water Supply
All water supply infrastructure assets in Vanuatu are owned by the state.
Accurate data on the percentage of the population with regular access to safe drinking water are not available; estimates vary from 65% to 88%.
Sanitation: Sewage and Wastewater
There is no comprehensive sanitation infrastructure in the urban areas of Port Vila or Luganville.
Both municipalities lack sewage and wastewater treatment systems; waste is generally disposed of by illegal storm water connections, direct discharge into waterways, or poorly designed and maintained septic systems that leach contaminants into groundwater.
Communication Basic forms of Communication are available with limited supply
One TV and Radio station located in Port Villa
Good mobile phone coverage

36. UNCLASSIFIED
Transport
Primary transport methods between islands are small boats or light aircraft
Only one paved road throughout Vanuatu
Links Lugainville and Port Vila
Road networks will be severely degraded by the effects of TC Pam
Local ability to clear debris from secondary routes will be limited

37. Australian Nationals in Vanuatu
UNCLASSIFIED
Australian Nationals in Vanuatu

38. Key Stakeholders UNCLASSIFIED Prime Minister Joe Natuman
President Baldwin Lonsdale
Foreign Affairs Minister Sato Kilman
Deputy Prime Minister Ham Lini
Internal Affairs Minister Charlot Salwai
VPF Deputy Commander John Taleo
VPF Commissioner Colonel Job Esau

39. Stakeholders - Security Forces
UNCLASSIFIED
Stakeholders - Security Forces
Two police wings:
- Vanuatu Police Force (VPF) and the paramilitary wing
- Vanuatu Mobile Force (VMF)
Altogether there are 547 police officers organized into two main police commands: - One in Port Vila
- One in Luganville
In addition to the two command stations there are four secondary police stations and eight police posts
Many islands with no police presence
Many parts of the islands where getting to a police post can take several days

40. MLCOA – Aligns with BoM predictions
UNCLASSIFIED
MLCOA – Aligns with BoM predictions
K MAR – TC PAM (CAT 5) passes 40K east of Port Vila. Very Destructive Hurricane force winds of 230KM/HR is affecting MALAMPA and PENAMA
– K TC PAM (CAT 5) hits main section of TAFEA Island group. Very Destructive Hurricane force winds of 230KM/HR
141100K TC PAM (CAT 5) passes southern end of TAFEA Island group.
150600K TC PAM reduces to CAT 4 south of Vanuatu.
1st order effects
Heavy rain – localised mud slides, fresh water flooding of catchment and low lying areas.
Very destructive winds – structural damage to buildings and flying debris.
Storm surges – coastal flooding and structural damage to PORT VILLA and TANNA APOD
POE degraded
2nd order effects
Infrastructure – Non critical damage, recovery hampered but achievable
Medical – Functioning
Health – Localised issues and first aid. Manageable amount of deaths, Pri 1 and 2. Shortage of food and potable water in populated areas.
Transport – Clean up required for roads, APODs.
Law and Order – Functioning
Population – Functional but needing assistance

41. MDCOA – TC NATHAN intensifies on projected path
UNCLASSIFIED
MDCOA – TC NATHAN intensifies on projected path
– K TC PAM acts as per MLCOA.
TC NATHAN is drawn eastward into Vanuatu as TC PAM travels SE.
Thu K MAR Tropical low (EX TC NATHAN) intensifies and passes over Vanuatu and compounds existing issues.
1st order effects
Heavy rain – localised mud slides, fresh water flooding of catchment and low lying areas.
Very destructive winds – structural damage to buildings and flying debris.
Storm surges – coastal flooding and structural damage to PORT VILLA and TANNA APOD
Forecast – Mon K MAR 2015
2nd order effects – compounded by second Wx effect
Infrastructure – Critical damage to key buildings, power and communications non - functional
Medical – Strained under mass casualties.
Health – Significant number of deaths, Pri 1 and 2. Disease, denge, dogs. Shortage of food and potable water in populated areas.
Transport – Nodes cut off. APODS U/S (TANNA).
Law and Order – Police strained and civil unrest
Population – Functional but needing assistance
Forecast – Thu K MAR 2015