1. Internal-Colonial Model Age of Destruction by David Perley

2. David Perley, Tobique First Nation Internal-Colonial Model Colonizers European settlers e.g. French, English, Spaniards, Dutch, and Germans European settlers e.g. French, English, Spaniards, Dutch, and Germans Settled on Wabanaki territory and other Aboriginal territories; eventually assumed control of the territory Settled on Wabanaki territory and other Aboriginal territories; eventually assumed control of the territory

3. David Perley, Tobique First Nation Internal-Colonial Model Colonized Aboriginal/Indigenous people e.g. Maliseet, Mi’kmaq, Maoris, Aborigines, and Incas Aboriginal/Indigenous people e.g. Maliseet, Mi’kmaq, Maoris, Aborigines, and Incas Originated within Wabanaki territory and therefore have strong ties to the land Originated within Wabanaki territory and therefore have strong ties to the land

4. David Perley, Tobique First Nation Colonial Mentality Colonizers Members maintain they are superior to the Natives of the territory they are invading. Colonizers believe that the culture and all aspects of the Colonizer’s culture is better than the culture of the colonized.

5. David Perley, Tobique First Nation Colonial Mentality Colonized Members accept the colonizer’s evaluation of the Aboriginal people’s culture. The colonizer’s evaluation is that the Native people are inferior and they should therefore reject their culture and ways of life. Their self-esteem is extremely low. They have been conditioned to accept the views of the colonizers.

6. David Perley, Tobique First Nation Internal-Colonial Model Age of Destruction Refers to the establishment of domination over a geographically external political unit i.e. colonized nation Refers to the establishment of domination over a geographically external political unit i.e. colonized nation Colonized dominated economically and politically and therefore subordinated to and dependent upon the colonizers Colonized dominated economically and politically and therefore subordinated to and dependent upon the colonizers Colonizers usually exploit the land, the raw materials, the labor and other resources of the colonized nation Colonizers usually exploit the land, the raw materials, the labor and other resources of the colonized nation

7. David Perley, Tobique First Nation Internal-Colonial Model Age of Destruction Colonizers establish certain mechanisms to maintain their domination Colonizers establish certain mechanisms to maintain their domination Forced involuntary entry of the colonized people into the colonizer’s society Forced involuntary entry of the colonized people into the colonizer’s society Colonizers adopt policies which suppress, transform, or destroy values, orientations, and ways of life of the colonized nation Colonizers adopt policies which suppress, transform, or destroy values, orientations, and ways of life of the colonized nation

8. David Perley, Tobique First Nation Internal-Colonial Model Age of Destruction Manipulation and management of the colonized by agents of the colonized group Manipulation and management of the colonized by agents of the colonized group Domination, exploitation, and oppression justified by racism which views the colonized people as inferior Domination, exploitation, and oppression justified by racism which views the colonized people as inferior Displacement due to European expansion, land alienation, isolation and containment in the “reservation system” Displacement due to European expansion, land alienation, isolation and containment in the “reservation system”

9. David Perley, Tobique First Nation Internal-Colonial Model Age of Destruction Colonized are excluded from participation in the development process and also experience obstacles to social mobility Colonized are excluded from participation in the development process and also experience obstacles to social mobility Emerging institutions of the colonizer’s society exclude the colonized people from access to power and from participation in resource exploitation Emerging institutions of the colonizer’s society exclude the colonized people from access to power and from participation in resource exploitation