1. The End of the Roman Empire Mr. Davis Social Studies 7 Spring 2014

2. The Height of the Roman Empire

3. External Threats In the 200s, emperors had to give up some of their lands—the empire was too large to manage Attacks: Germanic tribes from the North, Persians from the East

4. Internal Threats Roman farmers leave borderlands Germans come in to farm Outsiders moving in elect their own leaders and ignored emperors Disease Government increased taxes for defense

5. Diocletian Became emperor in the late 200s Decided the empire was too big for one person to rule Ruled the Eastern empire, named a co- emperor to rule the West.

6. Constantine Ruled after Diocletian Moved the capital to a city in the east named Constantinople Rome was no longer considered the center of power

7. Decline of Rome HUNS = fierce warriors from Central Asia. Defeated the Goths (neighboring people of the Roman Empire)

8. Decline of Rome GOTHS = fled the Huns into Roman territory, battled Roman armies and pushed farther into the Empire 410: The Visigoths attack Rome. First attack on the city in 800 years.

9. Other Attackers on Rome Vandals Angles Saxons Jutes Franks

10. Attila The Hun Fierce ruler from Mongolia (in the Far East) that led brutal attacks across the known world Vicious military tactics led him to attack Rome around the late 300s

11. The End of the Empire Military leaders take over power from the emperors by 450. 476 – Official end of the Roman Empire; foreign military leaders overthrow the last emperor

12. Factors of Rome’s Fall Empire was too large to control Difficult to communicate Corruption: the decay of people’s values Wealthy citizens flee to estates and build up armies Population decreased Schools closed Taxes & Prices soared

13. Growth of the Eastern Empire Justinian – ruled 527-565 Reuniting the Old Empire was his passion Developed Justinian’s Code: removed outdated, non- Christian laws Supported by his wife, Theodora The empire shrunk after his death By 1453 (900 years after his death!) His lands became known as the Ottoman Empire

14. Byzantines The Byzantines created an Eastern society that deviated (strayed) from Rome People spoke Greek, not Latin Importance of Christianity is reflected in the art and architecture of the area. Christianity practiced different in this area than in the west 1000s = Orthodox Church created, dividing Christian practices in the east and west