1. 开放英语 1 讲义 (2) n 词 类 n 一、 代词 n 二、名词 n 三、数词 n 四、介词 n 五、冠词

2. 一、代 词 n I you he she we you they it n me you him her us you them it n my your his her our your their its n mine yours his hers ours yours theirs its n myself yourself himself herself ourselves yourselves themselevs

3. n I you he she we you they it ( 句 首，作主语） n 例： I am a teacher. n He likes football. n They are my classmates. n It is hot today. n We are Chinese.

4. n me you him her us you them it ( 动词后，作宾语或表语） n 例： He gave me a new book. n You can teach her an English song. n You can let them go themselves. n Who is that?----It is me. n Let us (Let’s) do it.

5. n my your his her our your their its ( 名词前，作定语） n 例： This is my father. n Their books are new. n Her mother is a doctor. n His name is Tom. n Our house is made of stone.

6. n mine yours his hers ours yours theirs its ( 句首作主语，或动词后作宾语、 表语） n 例： This is my book. Yours is on the desk. n Your room is on the first floor, mine is on the second. n This is his pen, it is not yours. n Since your bike doesn’t work, you can take mine.

7. 代词练习 n 1. This is ___ book. n A.he B.him C.his D.I n 2. You can’t put the boxes here, you can put - --- there. n A.them B.they C.their D.it n 3.Mary is talking with____ parents. n A.she B.hers C.her D.his n 4.What’s ___ job? ___ an engineer. n A.you…I B.your…me C.your..I D.yours…I n 5.He gave___ a gift on ___ birthday. n A.I…my B.me…my C.me…I D.me…my

8. 二、 名词 n 1 、普通名词 n (1) 可数名词： n 个体名词： man, teacher, tree, bag, pen n 集体名词： class, army, team, committee n （ 2 ）不可数名词： n 物质名词： air, milk, fire, cotton n 抽象名词： love, life, honour, happiness n 2 、 专有名词 n 表个别人、物、团体、党派、机构、国家的名 称。 Mr.Smith, the Yellow River, China, the Youth League, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

9. 名词练习 n 1. There are many____in the park. n A.flower B.floweres C. flowers n 2. Ten little ___ are playing football. n A.boy B.boyes C. boys n 3.lease give me two___ of chalk. n A.box B.boxes C.boxes n 4. There are many___ on the hill. n A.sheep B.sheeps C.sheepes n 5.Three ___ are talking about their ___. n A.woman…children B.woman…child n C.women…children

10. 数词和短语可修饰名词 n 接可数名词的有： n three n masses of n many n some n no n a lot of n a couple of n (a) few n 接不可数名词的有 : n a bit of n masses of n much n a glass of n no n a lot of n two pounds of n (a) little

11. 三、数词 n 1 、基数词 n one n two n three n four n five n six n seven n eight n nine n ten n 2 、序数词 n first ( 1st ) n second ( 2nd ) n third ( 3rd ) n fourth ( 4th ) n fifth ( 5th ) n sixth ( 6th ) n seventh ( 7th ) n eighth ( 8th ) n ninth ( 9th ) n tenth ( 10th )

12. n 1 、百的表示 200 two hundred n 457 four hundred and fifty-seven n 2 、千的表示 1,201 one thousand two hundred and one n 3 、万的表示 11,103 eleven thousand one hundred and three n 4 、百万的表示 1,000,000 one million n 5 、十亿的表示 1,000,000,000 one billion

13. 数词的其他用法 n 1 、序数词前要用 the n The first day of May is Labour’s Day. n You can’t take this one, but you can take the third. n 2 、房间、页号等的表示 n Room 206: Room two oh six n Page 105: Page one oh five n Lesson four: the fourth lesson

14. n 3 、电话号码的表示 n 8725894 eight seven two five eight nine four n 7350305 seven three five oh three oh five n 4 、钟点的表示 n past: 超过 to: 差 n 3 ： 05 five past three n 3 ： 30 half past three n 3 ： 45 fifteen\a quarter to four n 3 ： 58 two to four

15. 数词练习 n 1.He is ____ one who came here. n A. first B. the first C. one n 2. 215 is_____. n A. two hundred fifteen n B. two hundreds and fifteen n C. two hundred and fifteen n 3.What is the time? It’s 3:05 _____. n A.five past three B. three past five n C.three oh five n 4.Where do you live? n A. 203 room B. room 203 C. Room 203

16. 四 介词 n 1 时间介词： n 年份 / 月份： in n in 1937, in 2005, in January, in May n 日期： on n on the 31th of August, on the fifteenth n on Sunday, on Tuesday n on Sunday morning, n 某年某月某日 n (1949,10,1) on 1st Oct.1949 ( 英用） n on Oct.1st 1949 ( 美用）

17. n 固定用法： n in the morning, on Sunday morning n in spring, in winter n at daybreak, at the beginning of week n at Spring Festival n for two years n during the war n about ten o’clock

18. 2 地点介词： n in, at, on, beside, under, up, down, inside, outside, behind, between, among... n The apple is in the basket. n Tom hides beside the door. n A cat is climbing up the tree. n He is sitting on the glass. n Jack is sitting between Mary and Susan. n Our teacher is sitting among the students.

19. 3 方向 / 地点介词 n into, to, after, past, towards, from, against, opposite… n A little girl is running after her mother. n Mr. Smith is from England. n Don’t stand opposite me. n He is walking into the room slowly. n He walked past me without saying hello. n The dog is running towards the bone.

20. 介词练习 n 1. I usually get up ___ 6 o’clock. n A.in B. at C. on n 2.I usually get up early ___ the morning. n A.in B.at C. on n 3. But I get up late ___ Sunday morning. n A. in B. at C. on n 4.They are talking ___ their homework. n A. on B. of C. about

21. n 5.A boy is sleeping___ the tree. n A. on B. under C.in n 6. A boy is sleeping ___ the grass. n A.on B. under C. in n 7. He is sitting _____ the car. n A.in front of B. in the front of n 8. A map is ____ the wall. n A.in B. on C. at n 9.He work ___ an IT company. n A.in B. for C. at

22. 五 冠词 n 1 不定冠词 a/an n 表一类人，一个人或事，也可表单位 n a 用于辅音开头， an 用于元音开头 n His husband is a lawyer. n There are twenty hours a day. n A horse is an important animal. n This is a book. n This is an English book. n I have an umbrella.

23. n 2 定冠词 the n * 特指某（些）人或物，以区别同类中 的其他人或物 n The book on the desk is mine. n Do you know the girl near the big tree? n n * 说话人和听话人彼此所熟悉的人或事 n Please give the book to the teacher. n Let`s meet at the station.

24. n * 世界上独一无二的 n The sun looks like a great ball of fire in the sky. n The moon moves around the earth. n * 形容词最高级，序数词和表方位的词前 要用定冠词。 n The sun rises in the east. n January is the first month of the year. n He is the tallest boy in our class.

25. n * 与某些形容词连用表某一类人 n the poor, the old, the rich n * 乐器前要用定冠词 n He is playing the piano. n Who can get the violin for me? n 3 专有名词前一败涂地不用 the n 如： Mr.Smith, Chian, Japanese n 但下列情况要用 the

26. n * 江，河， 湖， 海前 n the Mississippi, the Yellow River n the Atlantic Ocean, the Himalayas n * 由普通名词构成的国家、党派、组织等 机构的专有名词前 n the People’s Republic of China n the Chinese communist Party n the Ministry of Foreign Trade

27. n * 某些建筑物、报纸、杂志、姓氏复数前 n the Great Wall, the Beijing Hotel n the People’s Daily, n the Chinese Women,the Greens n * 一日三餐、季节、月份、日期前没有 the n He is having his lunch. n There is plenty of rain in Spring. n He was born in May.

28. 冠词练习 n 1.He is ___ teacher. n A.a B.an C.the n 2. He is ____ old teacher. n A.a B.an C. The n 3. ___ man is coming, ___ man is tall. n A.A…a B. A…an C. A…the n 4.He is ____ tallest boy in our class. n A.a B.an C. The n 5.He is playing ____ football. n A.the B./ C. a

29. n 6. Don’t laugh at ____ poor. n A.a B.an C.the n 7.She is ____ university student. n A.a B.an C.the n 8.She took ____ umbrella with her. n A.a B.an C.the n 9.There is plenty of rain in____ spring. n A./ B.the C.a n 10.It took me ___ hour to do the work. n A.a B.an C.the