1. Unit 3 Language in use

2. 1.Beijing is a big city. 2.Chongqing is the biggest city in China. 3.But an increasing population is an environmental problem in many countries. 4.The small local school in Parkville closed down.

3. 5.Arnwick needs larger hospitals and more doctors, better public transport and fewer private cars. 6.136,130,400 (one hundred and thirty-six million, one hundred and thirty thousand, four hundred.

4. Write a, an, or the where necessary Mina lives in a big city. She is ____ eighteen-year-old girl. She’s got _____ brother and ___ sister. Mina is ___ oldest child in ____ family. ___ City where she lives is very big. ____ population is more than 10 million. Mina doesn’t have ___ education. She has ___ job working in __ factory. She hopes that one day she will have ____ chance to go to ____ school. an a a the The an aa a/

5. Write the words with a, an, no article(/) or in plural form. crime experience hospital job population rubbish traffic 1. The (1) __________ of many countries is increasing quickly. Because of this, it is difficult to provide enough (2) ______ which people need. population jobs

6. 2. People who are ill need places in (1) ________. Policemen are also needed to fight (2) _______. The cities and countryside need to be clean and free from (3) _______. 3. And because of too many cars, trucks and buses, there are a great number of (1) ______ problems. This is not right. Living in a city should be an (2) __________ which people enjoy, no one which is bad for them. hospitals crime rubbish traffic experience

7. Complete the conversation with a,an,the or no article. 1. A: we’re going on/holiday/at/end of /school term We’re going on the holiday at the end of the school term. 2. B: are you going skiing in/mountains again? Are you going skiing in the mountains again? 3. A: no, we’re going to/ Sicily No, we’re going to Sicily.

8. 4. B: is that/capital city of / Italy? Is that the capital city of Italy? 5. A: no, it’s/ island/off/west coast of/Italy No, it’s the island off the west coast of Italy. 6. A: all/people who have been there say it’s one of/most beautiful places in/ world All the people who have been there say it’s one of the most beautiful places in the world.

9. 冠词 冠词是放在所说明的名词之前的 词, 说明名词所指的人或事物，是 虚词。 冠词分为定冠词和不定冠词两种, 不定冠词是 a 和 an ，定冠词是 the 。

10. 1. 不定冠词的用法：不定冠词仅用在单数 可数名词前，表示 “ 一 ” 的意义。 1) a 和 an 的区别：用 a 还是 an ，要以它们 后的那个名词或形容词的读音的第一个音 素为主， 也就是元音开头用 an ，辅音开 头用 a ，而不是看是否是元音字母。 2) 用在名词前，强调的是名词的类别，而 不强调数， one 是强调个数。 A plane is a machine that can fly.

11. 3) 表示 “ 某一 ” A Mr Wang is waiting for you. 一个姓王的先生在等你。 4) 表示某类人或事物当中的任何一个， 相当于 one 。 This is an apple. 5) 表示 “ 每一个 ” ，用在表示时间，速度 价格的名词前。 We have three meals a day. 6) 表示 “ 一个 … 式的人 ” He is a Lei Feng of our class.

12. 2. 定冠词的用法 : 表示人或某些特定的人 或事物。可与名词的单，复数连用。 1) 表示特定的人或事物 2) 指双方都知道的人或事物 3) 指世界上独一无二的东西 the sun, the moon, the earth 4) 重复提起上文提到的事或人 5) 放在形容词最高级和序数词前

13. 6) 方位，乐器前加 the 7) 江，河，湖，山脉，杂志，报纸等名 称前 8) 在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或 夫妇两人 9) 在某些专有名词前 10) 和某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物 11) 在固定词组中

14. Work in pairs. Guess the population of each country and match the two lists. Australia the Bahamas China United Stats of America 1,313,000,000 297,000,000 20,137,000 303,000 Listen and check

15. 5 Answers 1.Tokyo had the largest population in 2000. 2.Mumbai’s population will increase fastest from 2000 to 2015. 3. The increase in Mexico’s population will be larger. 4. The increase in New York’s population will be smaller. 5. Free answers.

16. 6Complete the diagram showing population problems answers: 1.The countryside 2. The city 3.Increases 4.The air…water 5. Too many illnesses, not enough hospitals 6. crime

17. 7 1.population 2. illnesses 3.hospitals 4. countryside 5 city 6.space 7. pollution 8.smoke 9. traffic 10 noise 11 environment

18. 8 Listening and choose the best summary 1. You don’t have to own a car in order to drive one. 2. Members of a car club don’t often use pulic transport. 3. Car clubs are still to be introduced to the USA.

19. 9.Listen again and answer the questions. 1.You can travel where you and when you want to. 2.You needn’t pay repair costs or vehicle taxes. 3. They walk or cycle.

20. add to at the same time close down come up protect…from… A meeting is (1) next week to discuss the city’s problems. A factory has (2), and this means that there are fewer jobs. (3), more people are moving to the city, and this (4) ___ our problems. We must (5) people (5) _______crime. coming up been closed down at the same time adds to protect from

21. Around the world Population and water World population and water in the year 2050