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What is Adolescence?.

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Presentation on theme: "What is Adolescence?."— Presentation transcript:

1 What is Adolescence?

2 Adolescence The period between childhood and adulthood
From puberty (the start of sexual maturation) to independence from parents

3 Physical Development in Adolescence

4 Puberty The period of sexual maturation where the person becomes capable of reproducing Starts at approximately age 11 in females and age 13 in males Major growth spurt

5 Physical Development

6 Primary Sex Characteristics
The body structures that make sexual reproduction possible Ovaries in females Testes in males

7 Secondary Sex Characteristics
Nonreproductive sexual characteristics Breasts and hips in females Facial hair and voice changes in males

8 Sexual Characteristics

9 Sexual Orientation One’s attraction toward people of a particular gender Usually heterosexual or homosexual; small minority bisexual

10 Heterosexual A sexual orientation in which a person is attracted to members of the opposite sex “straight”

11 Homosexual A sexual orientation in which a person is attracted to members of the same sex Approximately 6-8% of the male population and 3-4% of the female population

12 Social Development in Adolescence

13 Each stage has its own psychosocial, developmental task a “crisis”.
Erik Erikson Constructed an 8-stage theory of social development Each stage has its own psychosocial, developmental task a “crisis”.

14 Trust v. mistrust Infancy to 1 year
If needs meet infant develops a sense of basic trust, or will develop mistrust

15 Autonomy v. shame and doubt
1 to 2 years Learn to exercise and do things for self or they will doubt their abilities

16 Initiative v. guilt 3 to 5 Learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans or they feel guilty about efforts to be independent

17 Competence v. inferiority
6 years to puberty Learn pressure of applying themselves to a tasks, or they feel guilty

18 Identity v. role confusion
Teens into 20s Refining sense of self by testing roles – challenging authority eventually find SELF or become confused about who they are

19 Intimacy v. isolation 20s to 40s Forming close relationships
Deeper love or socially isolated

20 Generativity v. stagnation
40s to 60s discover sense of contributing to the world or they may feel lack of purpose

21 Ego integrity v. despair
60 and up Reflecting on life either feel satisfied or failure

22 Social Development in Adolescence: Developing Identity

23 Identity A strong, consistent sense of who and what a person is, search through: Experimentation Rebellion “Self”-ishness Optimism and energy

24 Intimacy A close, sharing, emotional, and honest relationship with other people (primary task of early adulthood) Not necessarily one’s spouse or a sexual relationship

25 Adulthood How easily one passes between stages depends on cultural and economic factors Erickson showed that development is an ongoing process that is never finished

26 Are Adults Prisoners of Childhood?
Traumatized children are more likely to have emotional and behavioral problems Evidence from the following suggest that negative effects are not inevitable

27 Partnerships formed Parenthood Work (double shift) Midlife crisis/transition

28 Menopause Retirement Change in relationships- empty nest, death of family & friends


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