1. Cancer

2. Neoplastic cells Benign –Localized Malignant –Spreads Move (metastasize) through –Blood or lymph systems

3. Death rates Lung = #1 Colorectal = #2 1/2 Of all cancer deaths from –Lung –Colorectal –Breast –Prostate

4. Causes: 2/3 of cancer deaths are related to: Lifestyle and behavior –Diet –Sedentary lifestyle –Cigarette smoking #1 preventable cause of death in the U.S.

5. Inherent risk factors Age (strongest over all inherent risk factor) Genetics (Strongest factor in breast cancer) Family history Ethnic background

6. Behavioral risk factors Smoking Diet Alcohol Sedentary lifestyle UV Light exposure Sexual behavior

7. E.g. for breast cancer Stop drinking Stop smoking Exercise

8. Sexual behavior for women Early age of first intercourse + large number of sex partners Cancer of the cervix, vagina, and ovary

9. Sexual behavior for men Large # of female partners But not lifetime frequency Early age of first intercourse Gonorrhea = Increased risk for prostate cancer

10. Risk factor: Large # of sex partners Cancer of the cervix

11. Treatments Surgery If not yet metastasized Chemotherapy &/or radiation If metastasized Also, as a back-up to surgery

12. Chemotherapy side effects Fatigue Weight loss Hair loss Loss of sexual interest

13. Psychologists involvement in cancer Prevention Behavior and life style Helpi8ng Patients cope with their illness