1. Goals for today Define important terms that are associated with feudalism Explain the factors that led to the rise of Feudalism in Europe Identify the roles of kings, lords, knights, and serfs in the Feudal System Evaluate the Feudal system

2. PeriodizationPeriodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 ***the Fall of Rome High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 – 1500 ***the Plague/Black Death

3. Feudalism Political and social system based on the granting of land in exchange for loyalty, military assistance, and other services

4. Europe in the 6 th century

5. Barbarian Invasions cause the Fall of the Western Roman Empire Rise of New Kingdoms/ States that are not united New Kingdoms are unable to protect themselves from Barbarian Invasions, causing a need for localized Protection The Rise of Feudalism in Europe The Middle Ages or Medieval Period ( 500 CE -1500 CE.)

6. Feudalism Developed as a result of frequent invasions in western Europe Kings and nobles needed a way to protect their lands

7. Feudalism Lords divided their lands into estates called fiefs Fiefs (land) given to vassals in return for loyalty and military support All nobles were vassals to the King

8. 8 What is a Knight? Almost all nobles were knights Training began at age 7, as a page, under the guidance of the lady of the manor Became squires at age 15 and were trained by other knights Those deemed worthy were “dubbed” knights

9. Feudalism Knights – Mounted warriors who protected lord’s lands – Given land for their services – Chivalry Code of ethics followed by knights Honesty, fairness in battle, loyal, proper treatment of women

10. Peasants and Serfs Serfs – Peasants who lived and worked on the lord’s manor – Were not allowed to leave the manor or marry without the lord’s permission – Were allowed to farm on the manor in return for work Lords were required to protect the serfs

11. Life of Serfs The life of a serf was harsh – Worked long hours – few lived past 35 years old – Based on heredity You were a serf if your parents were

12. Manorial System Freemen – skilled workers who paid rent to nobles and could leave the manor Ex. Blacksmith and millers

13. 13 Constructing the Pyramid Feudal Power SERFS AND FREEMEN

14. 14 Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABORPROTECTION SERFS AND FREEMEN

15. 15 Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABORPROTECTION POWERFUL NOBLES SERFS AND FREEMEN LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE

16. 16 Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABORPROTECTION POWERFUL NOBLES KING SERFS AND FREEMEN LAND AND PROTECTION LAND LOYALTY AND SERVICE LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE

17. Coat of Arms A surcoat or tabard embroidered with heraldic devices, worn by medieval knights over their armor. These signified unique qualities of each group and often times contained things special and found only in to that area.

18. Manorial System An economic system in the Middle Ages that was built around large estates called manors Included a village and the land surrounding it

19. Manorial System Manors were self sufficient – Most things needed for daily life were produced on the manor