1. Habitat and Niche

2. Individuals Population Growth Species Primary Secondary Succession Interactions Density Distribution Habitat NicheDensity

3.  Where an animal lives  All abiotic and biotic factors Habitat Habitat

4. INCLUDES:  Food it eats  Abiotic factors  Behavior

5. Same habitat and similar Niche

6.  Competitive exclusion- 2 species compete the one better suited will push the other out or to extinction.

7. Competitive Exclusion: Introduced Species

8.  Niche partitioning= 2 squirrel species naturally divided resources based on competitive advantage.  Evolutionary response= 2 species could have experienced divergent evolution resulting in different teeth size.  Both outcomes allow coexistence.

9.  Competition : 2 organisms fight for the same limited resources.  Interspecific-competition between different species. Eg. lawn different weeds.  Intraspecific-competition between members of same species. Eg. Birds in breeding season, males tolerate birds of different species in territory.

10. Predation:  One organism captures and feeds on another organism. Eg. Snakes.

11.  3 Main types:  Mutualism- interspecies interaction where both organisms benefit from relationship.  Commensalism- relationship between 2 organisms in which one receives an ecological benefit.  Parasitism- relationship where one species directly harms the other.

12. Mutualism

13. Commensalism

14. Parasitism

15.  # of individuals area 3 Types:  Clumped  Uniform  Random

18.  Diagram of surviving members over time from measured births.

21. Population Growth Patterns  Immigration-into from another population  Emigration-out of and into another pop.  Exponential growth:

22. Logistic Growth  Limited resources most have this type.  Period of slow growth  Brief exponential  Levels of when stable= Also called Carrying Capacity

23.  Population Crash- sudden decline, rapidly.  Limiting factor- factor with greatest effect in keeping population size down.  2 Types:  Density-dependent  Density- independent

24. Limiting Factors Density-Dependent  Competition  Predation  Parasitism or Disease

25. Density-Independent  Unusual Weather  Natural Disasters  Human Activities

26.  Sequence of biotic changes that regenerate damaged communities or in a previously uninhabited area Primary- development of uninhabited area.

28.  Reestablishment of damaged ecosystem with soil intact.