1. Low-Cost Radar Jonathan Hoole University of Stellenbosch Prof. K.D. Palmer

2. Slide 2 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za Overview Aim Basics of FM-CW Radar Simulations – Multiple Targets Proof of Concept Results – System 1 Results – System 2 Conclusion

3. Slide 3 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za Aim Reduce Cost of Radar Linear FM-CW [1,2] DDS Multi-purpose [3] [1] Skolnik, M.I.: Introduction to RADAR systems. 3rd edn. Mc Graw-hill, 2001. [2] Stove, A.: Linear FMCW Radar Techniques. IEE Proceedings, 1992. [3] Ellerbruch, D.A. Belsher, D.R.: Electromagnetic Technique of Measuring Coal Layer Thickness. IEEE Transactions on Goescience Electronics, 1978.

4. Slide 4 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za FM-CW Theory Advantages Good RF bandwidth Low Sampling Rate Easy to Implement (DDS) Data Easily Processed Peak v Ave. Power Disadvantages Sensitive to LO noise Antenna Coupling DDSADC LORF IF cos(R)cos(T) = cos(R+T) + cos(R-T)

5. Slide 5 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za Simulation Results

6. Slide 6 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za Simulation Results

7. Slide 7 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za Proof of Concept

8. Slide 8 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za Proof of Concept Results

9. Slide 9 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za Ground Penetrating Radar

10. Slide 10 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za Ground Penetrating Radar Results

11. Slide 11 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za C-Band

12. Slide 12 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za C-Band Results – Biggest target at 10m, 20m and 30m

13. Slide 13 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za C-Band Results – Targets at 10m

14. Slide 14 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za C-Band Results – Targets at 20m

15. Slide 15 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za C-Band Results – Targets at 30m

16. Slide 16 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za Conclusion Cheap FM-CW Radar using DDS Successful Two systems shown to work R 11 500 Possible improvements PCB layout with FPGA LO

17. Slide 17 © CSIR 2006 www.csir.co.za Thank you for your attention! Any Questions?