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Published byRaymond Crawford Modified over 8 years ago
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- breaks down food into molecules the body can use, getting rid of undigested molecules http://health.howstuffworks.com/adam- 200086.htm http://health.howstuffworks.com/adam- 200088.htm Digestive System
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peristalsis – muscle contractions, moves food through tract sphincters - valves; regulate passage of material between chambers
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The Digestive Tract Gastrointestinal Tract (GI) Mouth – Teeth – physical saliva – moistens and lubricates food - amylase – begins the breakdown of carbohydrates (chemical) Pharynx –back of throat –food (bolus) triggers reflex –epiglottis – flap of cartilage, covers trachea
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Esophagus – connect mouth to stomach
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Stomach – * physical and chemical digestion *gastric juice secreted by cells of stomach hydrochloric acid (HCl)– unfolds the proteins (exposing the bonds to be broken later) pepsin – enzymes breaks down proteins into polypeptides; Works in the acidic envioronment *peristalsis
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Small intestines completes digestion absorption of nutrients *duodenum – 1 st part of small intestines; receives secretions from pancreas, liver and gallbladder bile – produced by liver and stored in gallbladder - breaks down fats enzymes complete digestion of carbs, proteins and lipids lipase – further breaks down fats
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Trypsin – produced by the pancrease, Breaking down polypeptides into amino acids amylase –Pancreatic amylase further breaks down carbs
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Absorbtion of nutrients to the blood villi – fingerlike projections; cover lining of small intestines. -increase surface area for absorption
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Large intestines - colon water absorption compacting undigested material – waste (feces) Rectum storage and elimination of waste
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Digestive System also includes the liver and the pancreas –Pancreas Produces digestive enzymes insulin –Liver Digested molecules absorbed into bloodstream transported to liver Maintains blood sugar levels http://www.innerbody.com/image/digeov.html
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Liver Nutrients transported to the liver Stores extra sugar as glycogen converts glycogen back to glucose to use for energy Modify amino acids –Ex: make amino acids and proteins Detoxifies poison –Stores poisons unable to change
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Cirrhosis – scarring of the liver
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Ex:
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