1. Microscope Lab Completed quietly (12-inch voices) 4 people to a microscope (separate papers) Look at the image Identify the phase Draw a picture Explain what happens in that phase (how do you know) Move to the next slide

2. Creative Application Quietly get white or construction paper. Make a visual representation of the 6 stages. Interphase. Mitosis. Cytokinesis. Beneath each picture tell me what happens.

3. Catalyst What is your goal for tomorrow’s test? What do you need to do today to reach that goal? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYKesI9jL 8c http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYKesI9jL 8c Take out your binders and prepare to review them.

4. Binder Check Take out a sheet of paper. Label it “Binder Check: 9/28/2012”. Put it on the top of what is in the rings of the binder. All things in rings, neatness evident (10 pts) Notes, Quizzes, Tests, and Assignments in correct places (10 pts) Tracking sheets for each section (10 pts) Test and Quiz Tracker complete w/ investors (10 pts) Catalyst completion and evident effort (10 pts)

5. Mitosis Interphase (G1, S, G2) Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Citokinesis

6. Interphase http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLKX_4DHE3I&feature=related diagrammicroscopic image

7. Prophase diagrammicroscopic image

8. Metaphase diagrammicroscopic image

9. Anaphase diagrammicroscopic image

10. Telophase diagrammicroscopic image

11. Citokinesis

12. Notecards Split your paper up into 8 boxes. Tear/Cut your paper into 10 squares. Label your squares with the following organelles. nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, chloroplasts, vacuole, lysosome, cell wall, cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi body Draw a picture under the label. Write the function on the back.

13. Study Guide Complete and turn in with your test tomorrow for extra credit. Questions?

14. Mitosis QUIZ PLEASE NUMBER YOUR PAPER 1-10

15. Hint: Some answers may be used more than once!!!

16. 1. What phase of Mitosis is this? Hint

17. 2. What phase of Mitosis is this? Hint

18. 3. What phase of Mitosis is this?

19. 4. What phase of Mitosis is this? Hint

20. 5. What phase of Mitosis is this?

21. 6. What phase of Mitosis is this?

22. 7. What phase of Mitosis is this?

23. 8. What phase of Mitosis is this?

24. 9. What phase of Mitosis is this?

25. 10. What phase of Mitosis is this?

26. Answers: 1. Interphase 2. Prophase 3. Metaphase 4. Anaphase 5. Telophase 6. Prophase 7. Metaphase 8. Telophase 9. Anaphase 10. Interphase

27. Revisiting Our Big Goal and Expectations Goals Expectations Procedures Entering Class Binders, folders, Catalyst On the Rock Bell, Hand Raise, Ball Bathroom Labs/Group Work

28. RAM CATALYST For the next 4 minutes SILENTLY write. Write a story about a protein that was made in the cell. Characters must include: nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribsomes, Golgi Body, DNA, and RNA, Cell Membrane.

29. III. What do cells share? A. Structures found in ALL cells 1. DNA organized as chromosome(s). DNA directs cell activity. 2. Cytoplasm is the “filling” of the cell and is made of up to 90% water. Water provides the necessary environment for all the chemical reactions the cell needs. 3. Ribosomes are organelles that are the site of protein synthesis. Proteins are essential for enzymes, structure and communication.

30. 4. Cell membrane (plasma membrane) a. Composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the cell membrane. i. Fluid – Individual phsopholipds and proteins can move past each other; they are not fixed in one position. ii. Mosaic – The membrane has more than one type of molecule (phospholipids and proteins) 5. Functions of the cell membrane i. Selectively permeable – regulates what enters and leaves the cell. This helps maintain homeostasis. ii. Gives the cell (cytoplasm) shape.

31. Structures in All Cells: * Cell membrane – forms the barrier to separate inside the cell from the outside environment *Cytoplasm – the filling of the cell, mostly water *DNA – molecule with directions to control the cell *Ribosome – organelle that builds proteins; site of protein synthesis

32. B. Structures (organelles) found in EUKARYOTIC cells 1. Nucleus- surrounds the chromosomes for additional protection; is made of a phospholipid bilayer 2. Mitochondria – site of cellular respiration which produces cell energy (ATP). Structure contains folded membranes which increases surface area allowing more space for more reactions.

33. 3. Vacuoles – store food, waste or water to be used inside the cell or excreted from the cell. Size differs in plant vs. animal cells. 4. Lysosomes – contain digestive enzymes which digest food contained in vacuoles as well as old or damaged cell parts 5. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – a series of interconnected folded membranes that function in modifying (changing) proteins, detoxification of alcohols, and communication. 6. Golgi Complex – packages materials for export from cells.

34. C. Structures found ONLY in plant and plant-like cells 1. Chloroplasts – organelles full of chlorophyll that are the site of photosynthesis which produces sugars (C6H12O6); composed of folded membranes for more surface area. 2. Cell wall – provides extra support, protection, and shape for the cell; found outside the cell membrane and made of cellulose.

35. D. Structure found ONLY in animal cells 1. Centrioles – organelle that helps with cell division in animal cells.

36. Independent Work Make a Facebook page for an organelle. Include: Picture. Status update. 4 Friends (with pictures). Location. Job. 5 Wall posts from other organelles. When you are done. Finish answering questions in your notes.

37. Catalyst Pick a type of cell. Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic. Write an argument as a eukaryotic or prokaryotic cell (the one you picked) addressing why you are SO much better than the other type.

38. Mitosis is so easy vampires can do it! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vc1Uqe Hhjeo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vc1Uqe Hhjeo Khan Academy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLKX_4D HE3I&feature=related

39. Cell Division: Mitosis Basic Animal Genetics, ANR.C.C7.5

40. Objective: Understand the purpose of mitosis Understand the process of mitosis Explain the sequence and events of each phase

41. Review:

42. What are the two types of cells? Eukaryotic Prokaryotic

43. What are prokaryotic cells? Simple cells Few internal structures No membrane bound organelles One-celled organisms, Bacteria

44. Examples of prokaryotic cell: Bacteria Cells

45. What are eukaryotic cells? Cells that contain organelles surrounded by membranes Most living organisms

46. Examples of eukaryotic cells: Plant Cells Animal Cells Human Cells Human Cells

47. Plant Cell (Tomato) Animal Cell (tiger)

48. How do prokaryotic cells divide? Binary Fission (A fancy name that scientists use to impress their girlfriends or boyfriends. A process where one prokaryotic cell becomes two.)

49. How do eukaryotic cells divide? Mitosis!

50. What is mitosis? (How eukaryotic cells divide.) A continuous process of four phases that results in the division of the nucleus. Making more cells!

51. Why do we care? Once upon a time we were all one little cell. Because of mitosis we are now made of trillions of cells. This applies to animals too!

52. Made possible, in part by: MITOSIS

55. You get the idea…

56. The Phases of Mitosis

57. The 4 Phases of Mitosis: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

58. What about Interphase? Interphase is the resting period between cell division.

59. Why do we study diagrams first? Easy to identify structures Clear Simple

60. Why do should we view microscopic images also? To see the real deal! To reveal greater complexities.

61. Interphase http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLKX_4DHE3I&feature=related diagrammicroscopic image

62. Interphase Interphase is the “normal” part of the cell cycle. The Cells spend most of the cycle (life of the cell) in interphase. There are three stages in interphase G1 – Cell increases in size and synthesizes new proteins and organelles.

63. Interphase S – DNA is replicated. During most of interphase DNA exists in a “relaxed”, stringy form called chromatin. After being copied, there are two complete copies of the DNA in the cell. These copies are attached to each other. Each copy of DNA is called a chromatid. The two chromatids are attached in a region called the centromere. At this point in interphase, the chromatids are coiled / condensed. The entire structure is called a doubled chromosome.

64. Interphase

66. Are the cells really pink and purple? Nope, they are stained so that we can see the organelles better.

67. Prophase diagrammicroscopic image

68. Prophase Coiled chromosomes become visible Nuclear membrane is broken down Spindles (protein fibers that will attach to chromosomes and aid in chromosome movement) start to form

69. Metaphase diagrammicroscopic image

70. Metaphase Spindle fibers attach to the centromere regions Chromosomes are moved to the middle of the cell

71. Anaphase diagrammicroscopic image

72. Anaphase Spindle fibers shorten Doubled chromosomes are separated into chromatids Chromatids begin to move to opposite poles/ends of the cell

73. Telophase diagrammicroscopic image

74. Telophase Spindle fibers are broken down Nuclear membrane begins to form around the clusters of chromatids at each pole of the cell

75. Cyotkinesis The separation of the cytoplasm (including all organelles) into two identical daughter cells. Animal cells constrict in the middle to pinch apart forming two different cells. Plant cells also produce a cell plate dividing the two cells. This cell plate will become the cell wall.

76. They all look like blobs… how can we tell them apart? http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX5f0f055c0668530e707602&t=Cell-Division

77. What ’ s happening in each phase?

78. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYKesI 9jL8c http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYKesI 9jL8c