1. So far we have talked about tenses of verbs…. Verbs also have MOODS …..

2. the indicative mood the imperative mood the subjunctive mood commands facts not facts

3. Present subjunctive –Stem + e + ending (1 st conjugation) –Stem + a + ending (2 nd -4 th conjugation) Imperfect Subjunctive –Infinitive + ending

4. dormiretvideam portemtraheremus sederesament vocarentcurreret scribamdicam What are these??

5. What is a purpose clause? How do we spot one in English? How is a purpose clause formed in Latin?

6. A purpose clause describes why someone did something, or the purpose for which they did it Purpose clause = ut + subjunctive E.g. Cicero processit ut diceret Cicero advanced in order that he might speak Can you think of a more natural way of translating this sentence?

7. Cicero processit ut diceret Literal translation: Cicero advanced in order that he might speak Alternative translations: Cicero advanced…… ….so that he might speak ….in order to speak ….so as to speak.…to speak

8. Sequence of tenses We are hurrying (present tense verb) so that we may help (present subjunctive) you We hurried (past tense verb) so that we might help (imperfect subjunctive) you.

9. 1.pueri in via manebant ut pugnam spectarent. 2.Romam eo ut fratrem videam. 3.servus diu laboravit ut dominum servaret. 4.femina totum diem laborat ut puellae cibum habeant.

10. ne……. ‘ne’ is used as the negative of ‘ut’ in purpose clauses festinamus ne sero adveniamus we are hurry so that we may not arrive late we are hurrying so as not to arrive late we are hurrying lest we arrive late

11. 1.servus diligenter laboravit ut templum aedificaret. 2.pueri Romam veniunt ut libros emant. 3.in villa manebam ut puellae cenam optimam pararent. 4.femina festinat ne sero adveniat. 5.tacebam ne fur me audiret.