1. Your Presenters Teresa Haven Accessibility Analyst Northern Arizona University Abi James Visiting Research Fellow University of Southampton Ron Stewart Managing Consultant Altformat Solutions LLC

2. Today's Agenda (sort of) Alt Media Management Workflow Modernization STEAM Content Multimedia Accessibility BYOD Legal and Legislative Trends Q&A

3. Legal Considerations Academic Freedom "The law is not about the content, it is about the container the content is in" "Unreasonableness“ Technical Feasibility Administrative Burden Pedagogical Integrity Financial Burden Undue Burden "undue burden" does not mean *no* burden Responsibilities are Shared

4. Legal Issues “Accessible” software claims Google Apps Complaint Penn State Settlement Re-Ratification of the DMCA AIM Commission Report NFB AIM Legislation

5. Unresolved Issues Authors Guild Litigation www.hathitrust.org/authors_guild_lawsuit_information E-Reader Accessibility Exemption Request www.disabilityscoop.com/2013/08/14/sony-amazon- accessibility/18514/Website Accessibility DOJ Web Accessibility Regulations lflegal.com/2011/07/web-delay/ Section 508 refresh www.access-board.gov/guidelines-and- standards/communications-and-it/about-the-ict-refresh

6. AIM Myths and Concerns Creation is seen as difficult & time consuming. Important information/materials are not readily converted and are therefore inaccessible (course notes, pdf files, images, etc) Hardware and software currently in the field is not used to its full potential. Technologies are in development. Non “physical” disabilities fall through the legal gap.

7. This Leads to- Lack of use of effective AIM Provision by Schools, Colleges & Universities. DSS & SPED offices not able to offer a standard model or service. Reliance on varying types of content delivery Lack of interest from Publishers due to perceived lack of demand Frustration and failure for Students Lack of life long tools for Students

8. Responsibilities Who Is Responsible for What?

9. Who Is Responsible? It is not the publishers responsibility to provide access for students While publishers may assist us by providing files, the institution is responsible under the law The student also has inherent responsibilities

10. Institutional Responsibilities Provide access Access includes access to and all instructional materials Follow legal mandates Develop implementation policies Enforce consequences

11. Disability Services Responsibilities Verify student documentation Keep documentation on file Protect file distribution Verify ownership of material Enforce DRM practices

12. Alt Format Specialist Scan and OCR books Order publisher files Convert publisher files to usable formats Process files into preferred format E-text, Braille, MP3, DAISY Archive files

13. Managing Files Archive your e-text Keep copies for other students' requests Keep every file created at every step TIFF files, OCR files, Word files, etc Document use of file sharing systems Secure distribution systems Reporting and data collection systems Always provide feedback about quality

14. Student Responsibilities Request services Provide documentation Agree not to duplicate or share material Sign policies and procedures Own copy of book Return materials if required

15. Student Responsibilities Have an idea of what they want/need Which format? Which technology? Multiple formats for in class and at home? Must learn to use the technology Be willing to communicate with support staff Understand and become part of the process Preferably be able to handle class handouts selves for quicker turn-around time Learn to create e-text for library books

16. What, No Book Fairy? Be aware that blind students in particular may be underprepared May not realize they buy books May not realize that alternate formats don’t just “appear” May lack good navigation skills May not realize they have to request test accommodations Students may also have unrealistic expectations about the helpfulness of e-text

17. Other Issues Honor the preferences of students unless we can find an equally effective modification If the student wants e-text or Braille, audio is not the same thing! It’s okay to provide more than one format LD student may want KESI at school and MP3 at home Blind student may want DAISY and Word

18. Sourcing Materials

19. Sources Contact publishers ATN Network Publisherlookup.o rg Order books from other sources Bookshare LearningAlly Mainstream sources (Amazon, audible.com, etc.) Various e-text sources online Outsourcing Create files in-house

20. Please Note Most commercially available e-text is not accessible Generally it is a picture of text, not real text Computers cannot read a picture Most online books are not accessible

21. File Formats Choices are generally Word PDF ASCII Layout program file (Quark, PageMaker) Occasionally HTML

22. Receiving Files Books are big. Talk to IT about allowing you more mailbox space. If IT blocks zipped files, set up a private e- mail account (GMail, Yahoo, etc.) for alt media. There’s always snail mail…

23. User Files vs. Source Files What you get from publishers are Source Files They are not typically user-ready The files can sometimes save you time—but not always They will require clean-up and processing Don’t assume that getting files from publishers will solve all your AIM needs!

24. What to Expect Various formats Unexpected file organization Incomplete/wrong files Teacher’s editions Entire book in one huge computer-killing PDF file

25. Particularly Problematic Word and ASCII files are “extractions” Programs automatically pull out the text, leaving graphics out No page numbers Figure captions in the middle of the text Strange characters Boxes, random letters Headings run in with previous paragraph Headings and graphics may be at chapter end Some spaces between words lost Extracted files are not edited by the publishers

26. Working with Publishers Publisher Lookup publisherlookup.org Access Text Network www.accesstext.org Secondary Distribution VitalSource vitalsource.com/Pages/home.aspx

27. Working with Publishers Content Custom Editions Proprietary Digital Formats Adobe Digital Editions McGraw/Hill Connect Pearson MyLab Cengage Brain ATN Accessible Textbook Finder www.accesstext.org/atf.php Bookshare University Partners Program www.bookshare.org/_/community/postsecondary/home

28. Request Process You will need Publisher Title Author(s) Version/Edition Copyright date ISBN Some publishers also ask for cost of book

29. A Note on ISBN Numbers ISBN numbers are product codes, *not* book IDs A book (same content) will have different ISBN numbers In paper vs. hard cover Bundled vs. alone When sold with online tools vs. without

30. One More ISBN Note ISBN numbers have moved from 10 to 13 digits This will affect database fields Here is a conversion site: www.isbn.org/converterpub.asp

31. Minimal Cleanup Make sure the file format is readable. Check the files! Make sure the chapters are clearly labeled and in folders if each chapter is not a separate document. Put front matter and back matter in separate folders. Add page numbers if necessary.

32. Finishing Archive all formats Word, PDF, MP3 Create media, upload files for students Include legal notice On CD label and as e-text on CD?DVD

33. Other Options for Acquiring E-Text

34. Other Resources Learning Ally www.learningally.org Membership fee Bookshare www.bookshare.org Now free for students and colleges Project Gutenberg www.gutenberg.org Free

35. Learning Ally Copy-protected DAISY books DAISY playback devices must have “key” built in to play Purchase DAISY hardware and software players at cost Third-party devices must be authorized to play Players can play all DAISY books (and MP3 files)

36. Bookshare Full text of the publication (not pre-recorded audio) Can be read with the adaptive technology of the reader's choice Membership includes “tied” Reader software Contracted digital Braille also available Quality of BRF files

37. Project Gutenberg Over 20,000 free books In Word, HTML, and PDF Public domain works Good source for classics

38. Mainstream Audio books available for minimal fees Amazon.com audible.com Simplyaudiobooks.com Audiobooks.com

39. Creating E-text Original documents Many documents are created in a word processor Scanned documents Scan a document, create a TIFF, use an OCR program, open the document in a word processor Created from other electronic source files

40. AIM Production Internal Models CUA George Mason Outsourcing Central Access www.cwu.edu/central-access AMAC www.amacusg.org

41. Collaborative Models OhioLink ebooks.ohiolink.edu/ebc-home/ CSU-ATI www.calstate.edu/accessibility/resources

42. The Future HTML5+ARIA etext.illinois.edu/myBooks/ DAISY + MathML ePub3 cnx.org/help/viewing/downloads#epub

43. Contact Info Ron Stewart ron@altformatsolutions.com www.altformatsolutions.com