1. Unit 7: Industrial Society/The Gilded Age/The West Chapter 18: Conflict & Change in the West, 1865- 1902

2. The Homestead Act 1862 160-acre plots for minimum of 5 years Eastern families, exodusters

3. Morrill Land Grants “To teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts, in such manner as the legislatures of the States may respectively prescribe, in order to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and professions in life.”

4. Transcontinental Railroad Pacific Railway Acts Union Pacific R/R started in Omaha, NE & went west Relied on Irish immigrants Central Pacific R/R started in Sacramento & went east Relied on Chinese immigrants

5. Transcontinental Railroad Both companies were given federal loans & land grants Completed in 1869 when they met at Promontory Summit, Utah

6. Transcontinental Railroad Results Connected the west to the east; communication Opened up new markets for manufactured goods Increased trade with Asia Paved the way for the growth of the west Four more transcontinental lines were completed before the end of the century

7. Time Zones (1883)

8. Legendary Gunslingers & Train Robbers Jesse James Billy the Kid Wyatt Earp

9. The Plains Indians Govt. signed the Fort Laramie Treaty (1851) & the Fort Atkinson Treaty (1853) with various tribes Marked the beginning of the reservation system in the west as Indians were separated into great colonies After the Civil War, fighting btwn. the Indians & the Army ensued Indian way of life was destroyed by… Railroads Disease Near extinction of buffalo

10. The Plains Indians Buffalo provided food, fertilizer, & clothing 1865 - 15 million 1885 - less than 1,000 Buffalo herds were massacred with the building of the railroads Food for r/r construction workers Killed for amusement

11. William “Buffalo Bill” Cody

12. The Plains Indians Last major confrontation btwn. the Army & the Indians came in 1890 Indians began practicing the Ghost Dance Battle of Wounded Knee Creek Arapahoe Ghost Dance, 1890