1. Obesity and Spina Bifida
Nick Oldenburg
Nick Snyder
Jared McGranahan

2. Characteristics of Obesity
“17 percent of American children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years are obese.”
Cognitive affects
Associated with damaging psychological effects
discrimination
emotional trauma
depression
Leptin Resistant-regulating energy intake and energy expenditure
(Shoblom,2011)
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems

3. < 18.5 underweight 18.5–24.9 normal weight 25.0–29.9 Overweight
BMI Dictates
BMI Classification
< underweight
18.5–24.9 normal weight
25.0–29.9 Overweight
30.0–34.9 class I obesity
35.0–39.9 class II obesity
≥ 40.0 class III obesity

4. Social and Motor Characteristics of Obesity
Males tend to be more overwieght
Keep more to themselves
“A person’s chances increase 57%”
Center for Disease Control” 2010
“obesity is a significant risk factor for lagged
development in verbal skills, social skills, and activities of daily living.”
Obese children have slower reaction, daily routines can be difficult, less vertical skills, coordination can be difficult
A person’s chances of becoming obese increased by 57% if he or she had a friend who became obese in a given interval.

5. Spina Bifida
Spina bifida (Latin: "split spine") is a developmental congenital disorder caused by the incomplete closing of the embryonic neural tube.
Simpler terms the outer part of some of the vertebrae are not completely closed.

6. Spina Bifida Developments problems Deficiencies in non verbal skills
Motor skills- walking, catching, striking
Perceptual and visual skills can be poor
Difficulties with:
attention span
attention shifting
controlling the focus of attention
*Special Education setting
“Learning deficiencies that characterize many children with spina bifida include deficiencies in non-verbal skills, including motor, perceptual-motor, and visual-spatial skills”
Most children with spina bifida have a malformation of the hindbrain and cerebellum.
They cerebellum is responsible for fine motor functions and is also a gateway for a variety of cognitive skills that involve attention, planning, and the learning procedures.

7. Physical Fitness- Spina Bifida
leg paralysis, spine curvature, hip, foot, and leg deformities
-Spine, hip, foot, and leg deformities are often due to muscle imbalance.
Physical Fitness is affected because many people with Spina Bifida have trouble with lower body function. This often times leads to being confined to a wheelchair.

8. Physical Fitness-Obesity
indisputable evidence links obesity to health problems
risk of cardiovascular disease
type 2 diabetes
some cancers
Physical activity reduces risks for diseases that are not genetically linked to diseases

10. Activity – Spina Bifida
Children with spina bifida need to build strong upper limbs. A strong upper body to help with balance; to move or transfer from their wheelchair; to walk using equipment and to propel their wheelchair.
Swimming
Hitting a large beach ball with two hands
Push ups lying on their tummy
Horse riding
Bowling
Seated Row
Improve fitness, balance and coordination. Maintain muscle length and increase muscle strength. Provide opportunities for friendships, independence and improved self-esteem. Prevent obesity. Prevent constipation.

11. Activities to Avoid
Rolling activities and jumping from heights should be avoided if your child has a shunt.
Most physical and sporting activities are fine for participation but contact sports such as football should be avoided.
Some children with spina bifida may shut their eyes as a ball travels towards them. Try to bounce the ball rather than throw the ball directly to your child.

12. Activity – Obesity
Physical activity options that help to improve a child’s health and fitness including: running, chasing, playing outdoors, skateboarding, bike riding and structured sports such as soccer, footy, swimming and netball.
Walk or ride your bike to school.
Get a pedometer and aim for steps each day.
Set goals to encourage activity.
Avoid activities that involve time trials and speed trials

13. Equipment Needs in PE Spina Bifida Quickie basketball chair
PVC Pool Wheelchair
Pool Lift

14. Equipment Needs in PE
Obesity
Pedometer
Heart Rate Monitor
Treadmill

15. Handout
Go through some of main points

16. Sources APA
Traci Shoblom. (Nov 8, 2011). Obesity's Impact on Cognitive Development in Children. “Center for Disease Control” Retrieved April 5,