1. Library Tech and Biz Update
#internetlibrarian 
Marshall Breeding
Independent Consultant, Author, and
Founder and Publisher, Library Technology Guides
Internet Librarian 2015 
28 October 2015

2. Description
The success of libraries depends to a large extent on the technology tools that it has in place to manage and provide access to collections and to automate operations. Breeding discusses the current library technology industry, highlighting the major trends in systems and the companies that develop and support these tools.

3. Library Technology Guides

4. Business and Industry Trends

5. Library Technology Industry Reports
American Libraries
Library Journal
2013: Rush to Innovate
2012: Agents of Change
2011: New Frontier
2010: New Models, Core Systems
2009: Investing in the Future
2008: Opportunity out of turmoil
2007: An industry redefined
2006: Reshuffling the deck
2005: Gradual evolution
2004: Migration down, innovation up
2003: The competition heats up
2002: Capturing the migrating customer
2014: Strategic Competition and Cooperation
2015: Operationalizing Innovation

6. Library Systems Report 2015
“Operationalizing innovation”

7. Industry Revenues $1.8 billion global industry
$805 million from companies involved in the US
$495 million from US Libraries

8. Business Climate Generally growing and profitable
Able to attract interest of large risk-adverse investors
Long-term prospects matter more than short-term profitability
Ex Libris speculated to have lower profitability due to higher R&D costs, but deemed a good long-term investment

9. Ownership models Private Equity Family owned Membership owned
Innovative (HCCG, JMI)
SirsiDynix (ICV)
Family owned
Follett
EBSCO
ProQuest (Snyder / Goldman Sachs)
Ex Libris – A ProQuest Company
Membership owned
OCLC

10. Mergers and Acquisitions

11. Personnel Resources 2014

12. Innovative Interfaces, Inc.
Transition from founder to Investor ownership
Global expansion
Acquisition of Polaris
Acquisition of VTLS
Evolutionary development model

13. SirsiDynix
Product of decades of consolation of directly competing ILS Companies:
Sirsi > Dynix > DRA > Inlex > MultiLIS > NOTIS > Ameritech > epixtech > DataPhase
Transition of ownership: Vista Equity Partners > ICV
Hybrid development: Legacy + BLUEcloud

14. Bibliotheca acquires 3M Library Services
Intellident (UK)
Bibliotheca RFID (Europe)
ITG (US)
Aturis Group (Belgium, Netherlands, Germany)
MultiSystems (partnership in Brazil)
3M Library Services

15. Bibliotheca e-book strategy
Continue and rebrand 3M Cloud Library
Fold nascent opus into Cloud Library
Expand from US to International
Overdrive still dominant provider of library e-books

16. Trend: Increased vertical integration
Companies offer ever more broad scope of products and services

17. Overlap between Content and Technology
Content companies ever more deeply extended into resource management and discovery technologies
Technology companies involved in content creation and integration
E-resource Knowledgebases (Journal level)
Discovery indexes (Article level)
Content companies well positioned to create knowledge bases and indexes

18. Acquisition of Ex Libris by ProQuest
Still primarily a content company
Full arsenal of resource management products (“workflow solutions”)
Alma
Intota Analytics
360 Suite (core, Link)
Discovery Services
Primo
Summon

19. ProQuest Database creation and aggregation
ProQuest Platform
Print acquisition pipeline: Couts, MyiLibrary
Academic E-books: ebrary + EBL = Ebook Central
Discovery Technology: Summon
Resource management
360 Resource Manager
360 Link
Intota (Print + electronic)

20. EBSCO Information Services
Subject Indexing: EBSCO databases
Content aggregation: EBSCOhost platform
Discovery Technology: EBSCO Discovery Service
Print acquisition pipeline: YBP, GOBI3
Serials Acquisition pipeline
EBSCO Subscription Services
E-books (academic)
Resource management / workflow strategy
Integrate with all Library Management Systems

21. Open source and Open Access
Open source development of platform services
Open source infrastructure components
Open APIs to expose platform services
Knowledge base components
Open access
Community maintained
Adequately resourced

22. Open Systems
Achieving openness has risen as the key driver behind library technology strategies
Libraries need to do more with their data
Ability to improve customer experience and operational efficiencies
Demand for Interoperability
Open source – full access to internal program of the application
Open API’s – expose programmatic interfaces to data and functionality

23. Open Source Automation Systems
Koha
smaller public and academic libraries
Used for some consortia (SKLS)
Evergreen
Designed for Library Consortia
Kuali OLE
Designed for large research libraries

24. Development Timeline for Library Services Platforms

25. Changing models of Resource Sharing

26. Integrated Library System
Search:
Bibliographic Database
Library System
Branch 1
Branch 2
Branch 3
Branch 4
Branch 5
Branch 6
Branch 7
Branch 8
Holdings
Main Facility
Patrons use Circulation features to request items from other branches
Model:
Multi-branch Independent Library
System
Floating Collections may reduce workload for
Inter-branch transfers

27. Consortial Resource Sharing System
Search:
Bibliographic Database
Library System A
Branch 1
Branch 2
Branch 3
Branch 4
Branch 5
Branch 6
Branch 7
Branch 8
Holdings
Main Facility
Bibliographic Database
Library System D
Branch 1
Branch 2
Branch 3
Branch 4
Branch 5
Branch 6
Branch 7
Branch 8
Holdings
Main Facility
NCIP
Resource Sharing Application
Bibliographic Database
Discovery and Request Management Routines
Staff Fulfillment Tools
Inter-System Communications
NCIP
SIP
ISO ILL
Z39.50
NCIP
Bibliographic Database
Library System B
Branch 1
Branch 2
Branch 3
Branch 4
Branch 5
Branch 6
Branch 7
Branch 8
Holdings
Main Facility
Bibliographic Database
Library System E
Branch 1
Branch 2
Branch 3
Branch 4
Branch 5
Branch 6
Branch 7
Branch 8
Holdings
Main Facility
NCIP
NCIP
Bibliographic Database
Library System C
Branch 1
Branch 2
Branch 3
Branch 4
Branch 5
Branch 6
Branch 7
Branch 8
Holdings
Main Facility
Bibliographic Database
Library System F
Branch 1
Branch 2
Branch 3
Branch 4
Branch 5
Branch 6
Branch 7
Branch 8
Holdings
Main Facility
NCIP
NCIP

28. Bibliographic Database
Shared Consortial ILS
Search:
Bibliographic Database
Shared Consortia System
Library 2
Library 3
Library 4
Library 5
Library 7
Library 8
Library 9
Library 10
Holdings
Library 1
Library 6
Model:
Multiple independent libraries in a
Consortium
Share an ILS
ILS configured
To support
Direct consortial
Borrowing through Circulation Module

29. Benefits of shared infrastructure
Increased cooperation and resource sharing
Collaborative collection management
Lower costs per institution
Greater universe of content readily available to patrons
Avoid add-on components for union catalog and resource requests and routing

30. Shared infrastructure Projects
Orbis Cascade
WHELF
South Australia
Ireland Public Libraries
JULAC
California State University
University System of Georgia
Complete Florida Plus Program
University of Wisconsin system

31. Library and Tech Trends

32. Fundamental trends in Academic Libraries
Increased diversity and complexity of collections:
Electronic, Digital, Print
Collection budgets skewed toward subscriptions to electronic content resources (~70-95%)
Personnel resources disproportionately allocated to supporting print
Demand for strong integration with campus infrastructure (Authentication, Financial, Student, VLE)
Involvement with Research Data
Emphasis on role in student learning performance
Increase impact and lower costs through collaboration

33. Academic Tech Trends Comprehensive Resource Management
Library Services Platforms
Article-level index-based discovery
Discoverability beyond library-provided interfaces
Open Linked Data; Schema.org, BIBFRAME,
API ecosystem
Declining, but targeted investments in RFID

34. Public Library Trends Print collections remain strong
Circ transactions many multiples higher than academics
Collection Budgets skewed toward print
E-book lending a routine service
Minority component of collection budget
Deep satisfaction with pricing and business models offered by publishers

35. Public Tech Trends Model of the Library Management system persists
Gradual evolution toward Web-based interfaces
No current offerings based on true multi-tenant platforms
Programs and services designed to strengthen patron engagement
Hosted: Managed services
RFID-based self-service routine for mid-sized to large public libraries (uneven by international region)

36. E-book lending High demand for integration technologies
E-book lending fully blended within the library’s own online catalog or discovery interface
Simple selection, download, and reading of e- books
Librarians demand fair pricing models
Publishers continue to fear impact on sales
Impose policies that create more friction

37. Functionality Trends

38. Legacy: Fragmented Environment
Integrated Library System for management of (mostly) print
Duplicative financial systems between library and university
Electronic Resource Management
E-Resource knowledge base and Link Resolver
A-Z e-journal lists and other finding aids
Interlibrary loan (borrowing and lending)
Digital Collections Management platforms (CONTENTdm, DigiTool, etc.)
Separate systems for archival materials and special collections
Discovery-layer services for broader access to library collections
No effective integration services / interoperability among disconnected systems, non-aligned metadata schemes

39. Cycles of fragmentation > unification
Early Phase: Modular automation
Integrated Library Systems
Proliferation of systems to manage electronic resources and digital collections
Current unification phase: library services platforms bring together print and electronic resource management
Next phase? Bring archival and digital assets under common management platform

40. Library Services Platform
Library-specific software. Technical infrastructure to help libraries automate their internal operations, manage collections, fulfillment requests, and deliver services
Services
Services-oriented architecture
Exposes Web services and other API’s
Facilitates the services libraries offer to their users
Platform
General infrastructure for library automation
Consistent with the concept of Platform as a Service
Library programmers address the APIs of the platform to extend functionality, create connections with other systems, dynamically interact with data

41. Library Services Platforms – Functional
Manages electronic and print formats of materials
Replaces multiple incumbent products
Extensive Metadata Management
Multiple procurement workflows
Knowledgebases
Built-in collection analytics
Decision support for collection development

42. Library Services Platforms – Technical
Beyond Client/Server Computing
Multi-tenant platforms
Web-based interfaces
Services-oriented architecture
Exposes APIs for extensibility and interoperability
Interoperable

43. New Library Management Model
Consolidated index
Unified Presentation Layer
Search:
Digital Coll
ProQuest
EBSCO …
JSTOR
Other Resources
Self-Check / Automated Return `
API Layer
Library Services Platform
Discovery Service
Stock Management
Enterprise Resource Planning
Smart Cad / Payment systems
Learning Management
Authentication Service

44. Library Services Platform Installations
Production installations as of December 2014
Product
Installations
2014 Sales
Sierra
495
123
Alma
406 43
WorldShare Management Services
303 79
Kuali OLE 2 10
Intota 21

45. Web-scale Index-based Discovery
ILS Data
Web-scale Index-based Discovery
(2009- present)
Digital Collections
Search:
Web Site Content
Institutional Repositories
Search Results
Aggregated Content packages
Consolidated Index …
E-Journals
Your title is covered up with the ILS data content – DISCO instead of Discovery
Usage-generated Data
Customer Profile
Reference Sources
Pre-built harvesting and indexing

46. Discovery Service Statistics
Discovery Product
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Installed
EBSCO Discovery Service
1774
2634
8246
Primo
506
111
101 98 88
1529
Encore 56 72 36
Summon
164
214
158
195
697
WorldCat Discovery
2085

47. Resource Management Models
Category
Integrated Library System
Progressive integrated library System
Library Services Platform
Resources managed
Physical
Print, electronic
Electronic, Physical
Technology platform
Server-based
Multi-tenant SaaS
Knowledgebases
None
e-holdings, bibliographic
Patron interfaces
Browser-based
Staff interfaces
Graphical Desktop (Java Swing, Windows, Mac OS)
Procurement models
Purchase
Purchase, license
license
Hosting option
Local install, ASP
Saas Only
Interoperability
Batch transfer, proprietary API
Batch transfer, RESTful APIs,
APIs (mostly RESTful)
Products
SirsiDynix Symphony, Millennium, Polaris
Sierra, SirsiDynix Symphony/BLUEcloud, Polaris, Apollo
WorldShare Management Services, Alma, ProQuest Intota, Sierra, Kuali OLE
Development strategy
Brownfield
Greenfield (mixed)

48. Web-scale Index-based Discovery
ILS Data
Web-scale Index-based Discovery
(2009- present)
Digital Collections
Search:
Web Site Content
Institutional Repositories
Search Results
Aggregated Content packages
Consolidated Index …
E-Journals
Your title is covered up with the ILS data content – DISCO instead of Discovery
Usage-generated Data
Customer Profile
Reference Sources
Pre-built harvesting and indexing

49. Discovery Beyond Library-provided Interfaces
Reality that most discovery happens external to library
Improve discoverability of library resources
Locally: through incorporation of SEO and semantic encoding
Especially schema.org
Globally: OCLC, Google Scholar and other services

50. Discovery beyond Library Interfaces
Improved performance of library content through Google Scholar
Same expectations for transparency?
Better exposure of library-oriented content
Schema.org or other microdata formats
Better exposure of scholarly resources
Open access & Proprietary
Embedded tools in other campus interfaces

51. Developing Ecosystems of APIs
Strategically and operationally essential for platforms to be extensible and interoperable
APIs provide technical mechanism
Accessibly by library or campus programmers

52. APIs as Competitively differentiating factor
Functional scope
Documentation and training
License Model
Community or Development Environment

53. Library Technologies Penetrating into the Campus Enterprise
Dynamic interchange of data with campus business systems
Patron records from Student information systems
Financial data to ERP or Finance systems
Single sign-on via campus authentication services
Integration with Learning Management Systems
Resource pages at the course level
Appropriately scoped search tools
Reading list management

54. Defense of Patron Privacy
Library ethics require protection of patron privacy
Avoid exposing reading, browsing, and search behavior of patrons
Increased expectation to encrypt all patron activity
Avoid exposure to advertising networks

55. Library Technologists
Shifting from Infrastructure to services
Less time devoted to general technical infrastructure: network and server hardware, operating systems, security frameworks, application installation and maintenance
More time devoted to developing new services based on APIs exposed by library and campus platforms

56. Conclusions General Society and Scholarly environment has changed
Library collections now more complex than ever
Fragmented environments and legacy applications have negative impact on a library’s ability to fulfill its mission
Library services platforms and index-based discovery services now routine and maturing products
These components provide a basic infrastructure to build a new future for technology-based library services

57. Questions and discussion