1. Review Session History of the Middle East

2. What do all religious groups have in common? a common belief system belief in a spiritual leader religious practices

3. True or False? Religion is a choice. True!

4. Religious and ethnic groups cannot be defined by….. Political borders

5. What are the major similarities between Judaism, Christianity and Islam? Monotheism Each religion has a holy book and spiritual leader

6. How does religion help explain the conflicts that exist in the M.E.? The majority of the conflicts in this region are rooted in religious differences

7. Which two sections was Islam divided into after the death of Muhammad? Sunni and Shia

8. What do Shias believe? Shias believe a family member or descendant of Muhammad should lead Islam (Ali)

9. What do Sunni Muslims believe? Sunnis believe the most qualified person should lead Islam.

10. Which country do the majority of Turks (Ottomans) live in today? Turkey

11. Which country was founded for the Jewish population in 1948? Israel

12. The hatred or discrimination against Jewish people just for practicing Judaism is called… Anti-Semitism

13. Why was Israel established in 1948? Zionism Jewish religious connections to the land The Holocaust during WWII

14. What are three major reasons for the Israeli and Palestinian conflict? Water Land Religion

15. Which two areas do most Palestinians live in today? The West Bank The Gaza Strip

16. What is Partitioning? The break-up or division of land into smaller pieces

17. What was the largest empire in the Middle East? The Ottoman Empire

18. What led to the weakening of the Ottoman Empire? a. World War I b. The empire’s large size c. The spread of Christianity and Islam

19. Which country was created after the break-up of the Ottoman Empire? Turkey

20. Who drew the boundaries of the new countries created from the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I? a. Middle Eastern governments b. European countries, mainly Great Britain and France

21. The Sick-man of Europe was the nickname for which region? A. Great Britain B. The Ottoman Empire C. Germany

22. True or False? People are born into ethnic groups, it is not a choice. True!

23. What are the three major ethnic groups in the Middle East? Arabs, Persians & Kurds

24. Which ethnic group can be found mostly in Iran? Persians

25. Ethnic groups share a common... Language Nationality Culture

26. Which ethnic group is found mostly in Turkey and practices Islam? Kurds

27. Which event led to the U.S. becoming involved in the Persian Gulf War? Iraq invaded Kuwait because of oil.

28. Who was the founder of Al-Qaeda that claimed responsibility for the September 11 th attacks on the U.S.? Osama Bin-Laden

29. Which country did the U.S. invade due to their involvement with Al-Qaeda? Afghanistan

30. Who was the leader of Iraq during the Persian Gulf War? Saddam Hussein

31. What is the relationship between literacy rates, GDP and the standard of living in a country? Usually, the higher the literacy rate and GDP, then the higher the standard of living.

32. Good luck!