2. Nutrient Cycling All Life is composed of four basic molecules.

3. Nucleic Acids Examples: RNA & DNA Monomers: Nucleotides Jobs: SSSStore Genetic Information IIIInstructions to make proteins DNA

4. Proteins Examples: Enzymes; Rhodopsin; insulin Monomers: Amino Acids Jobs:  Control chemical reactions  Building blocks of cells

5. Carbohydrates Examples: Sucrose, Fructose, Glucose Monomers: monosaccharide Jobs:  Energy source for cells  Stored energy.

6. Fats Examples: Bilayer Monomers: 3 fatty acids and a Glycerol Jobs:  Build membranes  Stored energy Glycerol Fatty Acids

7. Enzymes  Enzymes are globular proteins. Also called biological catalysts (Catalysts speed up chemical reactions)  Example: galactase, Lactase  Job: Speed up chemical reactions

8. Macromolecule Summary – on overhead  Structural formula – the actual structure of the molecule with all of the elements  Molecular formula – counting the elements that make up the structure of that molecule C 6 H 12 O 6 C 6 H 12 O 6

9. Bonding and breaking  Add a water or take a water away will bond or break apart two molecules

10.  Hydrolysis Reactions Addition of a water to break up two molecules

11. Dehydration Synthesis Reactions Removal of a water to bond two molecules together

12.  Peptide bond – bond made between two amino acids (removal of a water H 2 O)