1. Monday, September 14th AGENDA LECTURE: Introduction to Ancient Greece and Rome – handout ANNOUNCEMENTS Bring log books to class every day Tuesday, 9/15: OPEN HOUSE

2. Wednesday, September 10th AGENDA Name Tags out facing me Entry Ticket Finish Introduction to Greece/Rome – Get out handout & “Mental Virtues” article ANNOUNCEMENTS No homework!

3. Friday, September 12 AGENDA Library – Honors – College Bound Reading list – Non-honors – free choice! ANNOUNCEMENTS No homework

4. Tips on Taking Lecture Notes Listen to my voice – what words I… – Repeat/emphasize are important Make your notes BRIEF! – Write key words/phrases Use abbreviations – Gr = Greek – R = Roman

5. Essential Question If the goal of society is to create a just state, then where does the line fall between the private individual and the public citizen? How do Greece and Rome define a “just state”?

6. The Idiots Greek origin of word – “private, separate, self-centered selfish Idiots DO NOT take part in public life! Why is that a problem??? Idiots DO NOT worry about the public good! Why is that a problem??? PRIVATE INDIVIDUAL VERSUS THE PUBLIC CITIZEN!

7. ANCIENT GREECE “The Greeks dreamt the dream of life best.” - Oscar Wilde

8. ANCIENT ROME De Nobis Fabula Narratur

9. GEOGRAPHY

12. CHARACTERISTICS of Greece and Rome

13. ANCIENT GREECE ARETE ANCIENT ROME ADOPT AND ADAPT

14. “ARETE” Arete (Greek) virtue; excellence; fulfillment of one’s highest potential and purpose in life What historical figures have reached their highest potential?

15. ADOPT AND ADAPT Adopt a good idea and make it great!

16. GREEK VIRTUES- “Arete” SOPHROSUNE – Moderation; Temperance DIKAISUNE – Justice HOSIOTES – Piety ANDREIA – Courage

17. What Greek virtue did the 6 “Mental Virtues” have in common???

18. Socrates on ARETE “For I go about nothing else than urging you, young and old, not to care for your property more than for the perfection of your souls, or even so much; and I tell you that virtue does not come from money, but from virtue comes money and all other good things to man, both to the individual and to the state.”

19. Roman Virtues: Via Romana Pietas – Duty to the State Industria – Hard Work (remember: What works is work!) Justica – Sensible laws and governance Nobilitas -Nobel action within the public sphere

20. Compare & Contrast What are the differences between Greek virtues and Roman virtues? What are the similarities?

21. THE GREEK PHILOSOPHERS Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle (SPA)

22. Socrates Know Thyself The unexamined life is not worth living. Only the pursuit of goodness brings happiness.

23. PLATO (STUDENT OF PLATO’S) Concerned with Ethics/Govt “One of the penalties for refusing to participate in politics is that you end up being governed by your inferiors.” “Democracy... is a charming form of government, full of variety and disorder; and dispensing a sort of equality to equals and unequals alike.”

24. ARISTOTLE Student of Plato’s “Democracy arises out of the notion that those who are equal in any respect are equal in all respects; because men are equally free, they claim to be absolutely equal.” “The mark of an educated man is to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it.”

25. THE ROMAN PHILOSOPHERS Cicero, Seneca, and Plutarch

26. CICERO “True law is right reason in agreement with nature; it is of universal application, unchanging and everlasting…” “Equal blame belongs to those who fail in their duty through weakness of will, which is the same as saying through shrinking from toil and pain.” “Let the welfare of the people be the ultimate law.”

27. “On him does death lie heavily, who, but too well known to all, dies to himself unknown.” “It is not the man who has too little, but the man who craves more, that is poor.” “As is a tale, so is life: not how long it is, but how good it is, is what matters.” SENECA

28. “An imbalance between rich and poor is the oldest and most fatal ailment of all republics. ” “It is part of a good man to do great and noble deeds, though he risk everything. ” “No man ever wetted clay and then left it, as if there would be bricks by chance and fortune.” PLUTARCH

29. In conclusion…

30. The Greeks shape bronze statues so real they seem to breathe, And carve cold marble until it almost comes to life, The Greeks compose great orations, and measure the heavens so well they can predict the rising of the stars.

31. But you, Romans, remember your great arts: To govern the peoples with authority, To establish peace under the rule of law, to conquer the mighty, and show them mercy once they are conquered. Aeneid

32. THE END!

33. Governments DEMOCRACY POLIS = city state DEMOS-KRATIA = people power REPUBLIC/EMPIRE RES PUBLICA = things public 12 TABLES SENATUS POPULUSQUE ROMANUS = the Senate and the People of Rome (SPQR)

34. Greek Parthenon

35. ROMAN SENATE

36. US Supreme Court

37. 600 Years of Greek History Monarchy 1000 – 700 BCE Oligarchy 700-600 BCE Tyranny 600-500 BCE Democracy 500-400 BCE

38. 1000 years of Roman History 500 BCE 500 AD 200 years Pax Romana Republican form government Empire (Caesar Augustus) (509 BCE – 3l BCE) 500 years Rome grew 300 years Rome fell (30 BCE – 476 AD) Empire

39. What can art and architecture reveal about these two great civilizations?

40. SCULPTURE Ancient GreeceAncient Rome

41. Kore

42. ROMAN VESTAL VIRGILS

43. THE AGORA in Ancient Greece

44. THE AGORA – Today

45. THE FORUM – Ancient Rome

46. THE ROMAN FORUM - today

47. ENTERTAINMENT

48. THE GREEK THEATER

49. SOPHOCLES’S Antigone A tale of right Versus right

50. THE ROMAN COLOSSEUM

51. VIRGIL’S The Aeneid

52. The Greeks shape bronze statues so real they seem to breathe, And carve cold marble until it almost comes to life, The Greeks compose great orations, and measure the heavens so well they can predict the rising of the stars.

53. But you, Romans, remember your great arts: To govern the peoples with authority, To establish peace under the rule of law, to conquer the mighty, and show them mercy once they are conquered. Aeneid

54. THE END!