1. Representative Government
People and Documents

2. John Locke
John Locke – European Enlightenment philosopher; believed government is a social contract with limited powers
Government can change
Two branches of government
Unalienable rights: life, liberty, ownership of property

3. Charles de Montesquieu
expanded on Locke’s beliefs, added the judiciary to Locke’s executive and legislature;
separation of powers;
education is an absolute necessity

4. Thomas Hooker
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, the first written constitution in American Colonies and included individual rights
democratic ideas such as elections by the people,
people have the power to limit the power of the government,
consent of the governed

5. William Blackstone English judge, jurist, and professor
common law; religious tolerance
supported the idea of self-defense (later became the 2nd Amendment)
“natural rights” which included life and liberty

6. William Penn he founded a colony in present­ day Pennsylvania
Quakers could live according to their religious beliefs and make political decision according to those beliefs.
Against slavery and war

7. Mayflower Compact
(1620) – an agreement that established the idea of self-government and majority rule.
power to enact laws for the good of the colony.
It provided a model for later development of representative government