1. Countable and uncountable nouns Countable NounsUncountable nouns can be counted Two restaurants / many hotels can be singular or plural A hotel / three hotels can be used with a / an I want a glass of water and and ice cream. can’t be counted Materials/substances: air / water / milk / butter Feelings/qualities: love/ anger/ intelligence Abstract ideas: freedom / beauty / safety don’t have plural forms, and take a singular verb.

2. Much, many, a lot of Much + uncountable noun Much money much food Much time much coffee Many + plural noun Many books many stores Many people many eggs A lot of + uncountable or plural noun; A lot of food a lot of coffee a lot of people a lot of stores

3. Much and many are used in questions and negative sentences: Do you drink much coffee? No, I don’t drink much coffee, I drink a lot of tea. Do you know many people here? No, I don’t know many people here, I know a lot of people in my old school. a lot of is used in positive sentences: I drink a lot of coffee every day. There arent many hotels in the town but there are a lot of restaurants.

4. Some vs Any Use some in positive sentences -I’m going to buy some eggs. -There is some ice in the fridge. Use any in negative sentences -I’m not going to buy any eggs. -There isn’t any ice in the fridge.

5. Any and some in questions: In most questions (but not all) we use any: Is there any ice in the fridge? Did they make any mistake? We normally use some (not any) when we offer things or ask for things: Would you like some coffee? Can I have some soup?