1. Supporting Formation and Operation of Virtual Organisations in a Grid Environment Jianhua Shao (Demo - Patrick Stockreisser & Gareth Shercliff)

2. Constraint Oriented Negotiation in Open Information Seeking Environments for the Grid Alun Preece Tim Norman Peter Gray Stuart Chalmers Nir Oren Alex Gray Nick Fiddian Jianhua Shao Vikas Deora Gareth Shercliff Patrick Stockreisser Nick Jennings Mike Luck Viet Dang Thuc Nguyen Luke Teacy Jigar Patel David Griffiths Dave Rohlfing Simon Thompson

3. Summary The CONOISE–G Project Virtual Organisations –Concept and Lifecycle –Challenging Issues –Agent-based Solutions Demonstration Conclusions

4. The CONOISE-G Project Grid Applications Grid Infra-Structure CONOISE-G

5. The CONOISE-G Project Grid Infra-Structure CONOISE-G Agents

6. Virtual Organisations (VO) Consist of autonomous entities Each entity has a range of resources and some problem solving capabilities Phone Service Movie Service A combined capability

7. Challenges VO Formation VO Operation How to form a “best possible” VO? –what is available? –can a bid be trusted? –what should be selected? –is the quality good? –etc. How to manage a VO effectively? –honour your contract? –new providers available? –what is the quality delivered? –etc.

8. Types of VO Establishing collaborations Forming supply chains Exploiting market gaps Reacting to market demands etc.

9. Types of VO Establishing collaborations Forming supply chains Exploiting market gaps Reacting to market demands etc.

10. Service Provider Behaviour An open market place where service providers can come and go. Service providers can compete against one another for orders. Service providers cannot entirely be trusted to honour their promises.

11. VO Lifecycle and Workflow Discover services Obtain bids Select bids Form the VO Monitor provision

12. Discovering Services For a given service request, discover who can be a potential provider. RAYP Potential Providers SP 1 SP n DAML-S was extended to include QoS attributes in service description [1].

13. Obtaining Bids RA must decide whether to invite an SP to bid. An SP must decide whether/what to offer. SP uses constraint reification in decision making [2].

14. Selecting Bids Assessing the bids SP 1 SP k QATC Establishing utility for providers Conducting an auction SP 1 SP k CA Choosing the best combination

15. Assessing the Bids Expectation based QoS assessment [3] Conventional – QoS is calculated from what is promised and what is delivered. Expectation Based – QoS is calculated from what is promised, what is delivered, and what the user expects. A preliminary trust model [4]

16. Conducting Auction Utility Item 1 Item 2 A supply/demand curve for two items Combinatorial reverse auction -- bidders may bid for arbitrary combinations of items. Bidders specify piece- wise linear functions of quantity against utility for each item. Polynomial clearing algorithm: guarantees a solution within a finite bound of the optimal [5].

17. Forming VO SP RA VOM Establishing a service level agreement with all parties. Setting up arrangements for service provision to be monitored. Reacting to changes within VO or in market. market QoSC etc

18. Monitoring Service Provision QoS Monitoring and prediction SP 1 SP k QoSC VOM QoS monitoring QoS prediction Reactive policing Policing SP i VOM QoSC Contract

19. CONOISE-G And Grid YP CA QAQoSC Policing SP Wrapping / enabling any existing capability / resources VO formation & management capability on Grid

20. Conclusions The ability to form and operate virtual organisations in grid is important. We aim to support robust and resilient VO formation and operation. We are developing core technologies for: –Service discovery incorporating QoS –Decision making mechanisms during VO formation –Establishing trust & reputation –Policing within VO –QoS provision monitoring and prediction

21. References 1.V. Deora, J. Shao, P. J. Stockreisser, G. Shercliff, W. A. Gray and N. J. Fiddian. Incorporating QoS specifications in service discovery. to appear in Web Services Quality Workshop 2004. 2.S. Chalmers, A. Preece, T. J. Norman, and P.M.D. Gray. Commitment management through constraint reification. Proc. 3rd Int. Joint Conf. on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, volume 1, 2004, 430-437. 3.V. D. Dang and N. R. Jennings. Polynomial algorithms for clearing multi-unit single item and multi-unit combinatorial reverse auctions. Proc. 15th European Conf. on AI (ECAI), 2002, 23-27. 4.V. Deora, J. Shao, W. A. Gray and N. J. Fiddian. A quality of service management framework based on user expectations. Proc. 1st Int. Conf. on Service Oriented Computing (ICSOC), 2003, 104-114. 5.L. Teacy, J. Patel, M. Luck and N. Jennings. Trust provision in CONOISE-G. CONOISE-G Technical Report, 2004.