2. 10,000+species - all aquatic; 99% marine
Invertebrates (no backbone)
Simplest multicellular animals
No true tissues or organs
Asymmetrical
No definite shape or form
10,000+species - all aquatic; 99% marine

3. Benthic
Live on bottom of sea
Sessile
Live attached to substrate

4. Skeleton Prevents collapse of animal; forms lattice to suspend cells
Spongin - protein
Spicules - silica

5. Filter Chamber (Atrium)
Covered w/pores called osculum
Large excurrent pore (can have 1 or more)
Ostia
Tiny, incurrent pores

6. Myocytes Porocytes Regulate opening of osculum
Regulate opening of ostia

7. Collar Cells
Line inside of filter chamber

8. Create water currents to trap food
Bring in Oxygen
Remove wastes

9. SPONGE STRUCTURE

10. Filter Feeders
Organic particles & plankton

11. Water enters through ostia.
Water is pumped into the filter chamber.
Collar cells trap food particles with flagella.
Amebocytes take food to other cells within the sponge.
Water leaves through the osculum.

12. Asexual Sexual Branches or buds break off & grow into separate sponges
- “budding”
Sexual
Sponges produce both male & female gametes to produce planktonic larva

14. Encrusting Sponge Free-Standing Sponge
Form thin brightly colored growths or patches on rocks or dead coral
Free-Standing Sponge
Subtidal habitats
Tubular Sponge
Barrel Sponge

15. Pecten Sponge Boring Sponge Found on shells of scallops
Mutually beneficial relationships
Boring Sponge
Burrows into the shells of oysters and other mollusks
Responsible for some coral reef destruction

23. Many sea turtles eat sponges

24. Hermit crab shells covered with sponges make great camoflage