1. CHAPTER 4 CLASSICAL INDIA

2. HARRAPPAN SOCIETY Indus river 3000-1750 b.c. Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro

3. Agricultural society Produce Chickens Surplus = + food supply Implications?

4. CITIES Urban 50k+ Walled, patterned Defense

5. CITIES Granaries Wealth=social distinctions Bathrooms, showers, sewage Housing courtyards, multiple stories

7. ECONOMY Organized, wealthy Professions Trade – Middle East, China Primary: Agriculture

8. DECLINE Unclear Natural disasters Powerful invaders

9. INDO-EUROPEANS Foreign invasions Aryans Nomadic, pastoral Warfare Aryan + indigenous populations

11. SOCIAL DIVISION Fewer Aryans Distinction Class structure (4 groups) Brahmins – priests Kshatriyas – nobles/warriors Vaishyas – commoners Shudras – peasants

12. ARYAN SOCIETY Music Flutes, harps, drums Gambling dice

13. PATRIARCHAL SOCIETY Early society: matrilineal Male, dominated like other parts of Asia Property, Education Sati Courtesans, temple dancers Purdah, harem

14. ARYAN ECONOMY Towns + Merchants, artisans Trade +

15. RELIGION Polytheistic Male gods

16. Convene in small groups of 3-5 Create a short song, poem, writing to illustrate and explain the world around you today

17. VEDAS Oral Hymns, songs, prayers Insight on life

18. UPANISHADS Basis of Hinduism Soul Dharma – life path, laws Acceptance Many lives Karma – results of actions previous life Reincarnation – natural consequence of evil Goal: moksha (release)

19. BRAHMIN POWER Monopolies Rituals Literacy Status