1. WARM-UP9/17 Today is CONSTITUTION DAY. What do you think the purpose of the U.S. Constitution is?

2. Written in 1787 Written in secret Mostly put together by James Madison 7 Original Articles 10 Original Amendments (17 more have been added)

3.  CIVIL WAR

4. Wait! What is the difference between a “ war ” and a “ battle ” ?

5. ar – a period of hostile relations attle – a fight between armed forces kirmish – fighting that breaks out briefly

6. One more definition: asualty (n.) a soldier who can no longer fight due to death, injury or capture

7. Approx 10,000 battles in the war, about 50 were large scale 40% - in Virginia & Tennessee No geographic objective, only to kill soldiers and weaken the enemy. (war of attrition) Civil War Battles

8. Estimated losses of North Battle deaths: 110,070 Disease: 250,152 Estimated losses of South Battle deaths: 94,000 Disease: 164,000

9. 620,000 Twice as many soldiers died from disease during the war than battle deaths. Why? Total Deaths of the Civil War:

10. Battle Poor hygiene Bad water Poor diets Overcrowding Diseases like tuberculosis, dysentery, lyme disease and typhoid fever. Causes of high deaths :

11. What emotion might you have if you were an 18 year old wanting to fight for your country and saw the following picture?

13. What about this one?

15. The horrors of war were difficult to grasp unless you were there…

16. Minie Ball http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DICi3uV9 Tbo

18. Civil War Hospitals http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DICi3uV9 Tbo

19. Postal service Telegraphs Drums or trumpets Drums!?! Communica tion:

21.     BATTLES  BATTLES

22.     OFFENSIVE / DEFENSIVE

23. This picture has something to do with the next Civil War battle. What do you think is going on here?

24.    BATTLES  

25.  Location Virginia Offense Union – 35,000 soldiers Defense Confederacy – 20,000 Casualties 4,700 total Significance: Both sides realized this would not be an easy, or short, war. The “Great Skidaddle”

26.      Hero: Confed Major Thomas Jackson From Virginia. Grew up poor and was made fun of at Westpoint Military Academy. Became a brilliant military strategist. Jackson and his men were said to have been “standing like a stone wall” against the enemy at Bull Run. Afterward, the nickname stuck, and Jackson was promoted to major general for his courage and quick thinking on the battlefield. “STONEWALL JACKSON”

27. When the North named a battle, they named it after the closest stream When the South named a battle, they named it after the closest town  I noticed there are two names for that battle. What’s up with that?

28. SEA BATTLES When we think of Civil War battles we tend to think blood and mud. But many Civil War battles were fought on water!

29. GETTING INTO POSITION General Winfred Scott asked Lincoln to allow him to put up a complete naval blockade around the South. Why do you think Scott wanted to do this? THE ANACONDA PLAN

30. Prevented the cotton trade Kept imports from getting through Prevented aid from Great Britain

32. Reduced the number of ships entering southern ports from 6,000 to 800 per year. UNION BLOCKADE

33. Ships: Frigates http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DICi3uV9 Tbo

34. Ships: Ironclads CSA built the 1 st Ironclad (CSS Virginia) USA then built one (USS Merimac)

35. Ships: Ironclads CSS Virginia

36. Ships: Ironclads USS monitor

37.    BATTLES  BATTLES

38. Hampton Roads – The USS Monitor sailed to Hampton Roads crossing at Virginia and confronted the CSS Virginia. After several hours of fighting, neither ship was severely damaged but the Monitor forced the Virginia to withdraw.

40. Casualties: 464 Significance: the days of wooden warships powered by sails and wind were drawing to a close.

41.  May 1862  David Farragut sailed through the Gulf of Mexico and captured the strong southern port of New Orleans.   

42. The capture of this vital southern city was a huge blow to the Confederacy. Look at the map. Come up with 2 reasons WHY.

43. 1. It gave the Union forces complete control over entrance to the Mississippi River 2. It split the Western Confederates from the Eastern Confederates

44. Turn to page 513 in your textbook. Read the whole paragraph on the far right that starts with “The South hoped to….” If you finish before everyone else, take a few minutes to browse through the Civil War pages and see the pictures, graphs, etc. WARM-UP9/19

45. LIST seven (7)things you might experience as a civilian during the Civil War. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. WARM UPSEPT 21