1. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 35 Basic Pharmacology

2. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Names Chemical name Generic name Trade or brand name History and sources of drugs

3. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs Must comply with federal and state laws Laws govern manufacture, sale, possession, administration, dispensing, and prescribing of drugs

4. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act –Protects public by ensuring purity, strength, and composition of foods, drugs, and cosmetics –Prohibits movement in interstate commerce of altered and misbranded food, drugs, devices, and cosmetics –Enforced by Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

5. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs Controlled Substances Act of 1970 –Regulates drugs with potential for abuse or addiction –Controls manufacture, importation, compounding, selling, dealing in, and giving away of drugs that have potential for abuse –Controlled substances

6. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs Controlled Substances Act of 1970 –Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) –Physician registration –Controlled substances Schedules I–V

7. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs Controlled Substances Act of 1970 –Storage of controlled substances Separation from other drugs Well-constructed metal box or compartment with double lock Record book Counted, verified, and recorded at end of workday

8. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs Controlled Substances Act of 1970 –Medical assistant’s role and responsibilities Monitor physician’s DEA registration renewal date Maintain legally designated records and inventories of drugs Provide security for all drugs, in particular controlled substances

9. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs Controlled Substances Act of 1970 –Medical assistant’s role and responsibilities Provide security for prescription pads Properly destroy expired drugs and document it Know and understand federal and state laws that regulate drugs, including controlled substances

10. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs Prescription drugs (legend drugs) –E-prescribing Nonprescription drugs –Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and herbals –Accessibility to public

11. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Regulations and Legal Classifications of Drugs Proper disposal of drugs –Expired drugs could be harmful Administer, prescribe, dispense

12. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug References and Standards U.S. Pharmacopeia/National Formulary –Lists drugs certified as meeting established standards of quality, purity, and potency Council on Pharmacy of the American Medical Association –Annually publishes list of new drugs

13. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug References and Standards Physician’s Desk Reference (PDR) –Published annually by Thomson Healthcare in cooperation with pharmaceutical companies –Sections of drug information –How to use the PDR

14. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug References and Standards Other reference sources –Other drug reference books –Packet insert that comes in drug package –Pharmacists –Reliable online sources

15. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Classification of Drugs Drugs can be classified many ways Examples –Drugs that treat or prevent disease –Drugs that act on specific body systems or organs See Table 35-1 for a listing of common drug classifications

16. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Principle Actions of Drugs Local action Remote action Systemic action Synergistic action

17. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Principle Actions of Drugs Factors that affect drug action –Absorption –Distribution –Biotransformation –Elimination

18. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Principle Actions of Drugs Undesirable actions of drugs –Side effects –Drug interaction –Adverse reactions

19. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Routes Oral Parenteral Direct application to skin Sublingual Buccal

20. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Routes Rectal Vaginal Inhalation Instillation

21. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Forms of Drugs Liquid preparations Solid and semisolid preparations >>

22. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Forms of Drugs Other drug delivery systems –Transdermal system –Eye-curing lens –Implantable devices

23. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Storage and Handling of Medications Original containers Darkness Refrigeration Glass containers

24. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Storage and Handling of Medications Consult drug label for storage Organization

25. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Storage and Handling of Medications Click Here to play the video

26. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Emergency Drugs and Supplies Crash cart Emergency drugs Emergency equipment

27. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Abuse Recognizing symptoms of drug abuse Drug abuse programs Examples of drug types commonly abused

28. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Drug Abuse Effects of drug abuse Prevention programs