1. Space Boot Camp – Part 1 5.8D: Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth and Moon.

2. 1. Sunspots appear to be darker than the rest of the sun’s surface because they are— F partially hidden from view G in the shadow of the sun’s corona Hcooler than the rest of the sun’s surface J made of dark-colored minerals TAKS 2003—#22 (42%)

3. 1. Sunspots appear to be darker than the rest of the sun’s surface because they are— F partially hidden from view G in the shadow of the sun’s corona Hcooler than the rest of the sun’s surface J made of dark-colored minerals TAKS 2003—#22 (42%)

4. 2. Which of these would best model how the sun’s energy warms Earth? F A pot of water boiling G A heat lamp keeping food hot H An oven baking bread J A spoon getting hot when stirring soup TAKS 2003—#30 (56%)

5. 2. Which of these would best model how the sun’s energy warms Earth? F A pot of water boiling G A heat lamp keeping food hot H An oven baking bread J A spoon getting hot when stirring soup TAKS 2003—#30 (56%)

6. 3. The surface of the sun is made of — F gases G solids H liquids J energy TAKS 2004—#14 (68%)

7. 3. The surface of the sun is made of — F gases G solids H liquids J energy TAKS 2004—#14 (68%)

8. 4. Which of these best shows the relationship between Earth, the moon, and the sun? AC BD TAKS 2004 — #23 (70%)

9. 4. Which of these best shows the relationship between Earth, the moon, and the sun? AC BD TAKS 2004 — #23 (70%)

10. 5. A rock is taken from the surface of the moon and brought to Earth. What is different about this rock on Earth? A Its mass B Its shape C Its length D Its weight TAKS 2004 — #29 (68%)

11. 5. A rock is taken from the surface of the moon and brought to Earth. What is different about this rock on Earth? A Its mass B Its shape C Its length D Its weight TAKS 2004 — #29 (68%)

12. 6. Which is a possible condition for an area of the moon that receives no light? FFog G Strong winds H Thunderstorms J Cold temperatures TAKS 2008 — #4 (Unused release item)

13. 6. Which is a possible condition for an area of the moon that receives no light? FFog G Strong winds H Thunderstorms J Cold temperatures TAKS 2008 — #4 (Unused release item)

14. 7. Which of these is the center of our solar system? F Mars G The moon H Jupiter J The sun TAKS 2009—#18 (77%)

15. 7. Which of these is the center of our solar system? F Mars G The moon H Jupiter J The sun TAKS 2009—#18 (77%)

16. 8. Which of the following can be found on both Earth and the moon? FHills G Thick atmosphere H Thunderstorms J Oceans TAKS 2009 — #26 (75%)

17. 8. Which of the following can be found on both Earth and the moon? FHills G Thick atmosphere H Thunderstorms J Oceans TAKS 2009 — #26 (75%)

18. 9. Which of the following happens in our solar system? FEarth revolves around the sun once per day. G The moon revolves around Earth once per day. H Earth revolves around the sun once per year. J The moon revolves around Earth once per year. TAKS 2009 — #28 (72%)

19. 9. Which of the following happens in our solar system? FEarth revolves around the sun once per day. G The moon revolves around Earth once per day. H Earth revolves around the sun once per year. J The moon revolves around Earth once per year. TAKS 2009 — #28 (72%)

20. 10. Which of the following processes takes place in the core of the sun? A Sunspots B Solar flares C Solar fusing D Nuclear fusion

22. 11. The outermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere is called the— A core B corona C corolla D atmosphere

24. 12. All energy that influences weather and causes plants to grow comes from – A the moon B the Earth C the sun D electricity

26. 13. The sun is a medium-sized star made mostly of – A heat and hydrogen B hydrogen and helium C helium and oxygen D nitrogen and helium

28. 14. The sun produces big explosions of energy called – A solar flares B solar energy C geothermal energy D heat and light

30. 15. The sun is the center of the solar system. The sun is considered a— Ameteorite Bgalaxy Ccorona Dstar

32. 16. The sun is of great importance to the Earth. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the sun? AThe sun provides energy for the water cycle. BThe sun heats the atmosphere causing wind. CThe sun revolves around the Earth and the moon. DThe sun provides solar energy for the Earth.

34. 17. Solar energy comes from the sun. This type of energy is produced when hydrogen is converted to helium through nuclear reactions. Where on the sun does this process take place? AIn the sun’s core BIn the sun’s corona COn the surface of the sun DIn the sun’s atmosphere

36. 18. All of the following may be effects of the sun EXCEPT— A a person’s skin may burn if they are outside in the sun too long B the sun does not shine brightly at night C the heat from the sun can be used to cook food D the sun plays a major part in the water cycle

38. 19. All of the following are true statements EXCEPT— A the sun is solid like the Earth B the sun is much hotter than Earth C wind is caused by the sun’s heating D light from the sun takes about 8 minutes to reach the Earth

40. 20. Why is the sun the only star that we usually see during the daytime? AThe other stars do not shine in the daytime. BThe other stars are cooler during the daytime. CThe sun is brighter because it is closer than the other stars. DThe Earth’s atmosphere makes it impossible to see the other stars.

42. 21. Which of the following tells one way stars such as the sun are different from planets? AStars give off their own light while planets do not. BPlanets give off their own light while stars do not. CStars reflect light back from the planets. DStars are rocky while most planets are gaseous.

44. 22. Which of the following best describes how hot it is on the surface of the sun? AAbout as hot as boiling water BAbout as hot magna from a volcano CMuch hotter than anything on Earth DAbout as hot as burning rocket fuel

46. 23. When comparing the Earth and the moon, which of the following statements is true? A The moon is larger than the Earth. B The Earth is larger than the moon. C The Earth and the moon are the same size. D The moon is twice as big as the Earth.

48. 24. Which of the following features can be found on both the moon and the Earth? A Water B Rivers C Mountains D Peninsulas

50. 25. How is it possible for the moon to shine at night even though it produces no light? A The moon have many craters filled with water. B The moon is covered with a thin layer of ice. C The moon rotates at a very high rate of speed. D The moon reflects the light from the Sun.

52. 26. A match will not burn on the moon because there is— Anot enough water Bnot enough gravity Cnot enough oxygen Dnot enough carbon dioxide

54. 27. In photos taken from space the Earth appears to be blue, while the moon appears to be white. This difference in appearance occurs because— Athe Earth and the moon have different gases in their atmosphere Bthere is more water on the surface of the Earth than on the moon Ca great deal of the Earth is covered by water, but there is none on the moon Dthere are many more clouds surrounding the Earth than around the moon

56. 28. Which of these layers of the Earth is the thinnest? AThe outer core BThe inner core CThe mantle DThe crust

58. 29. Which of the following is one way that the Earth and the moon are NOT the same? AThe moon has craters. BThe moon has rocky dust. CThe Earth rotates on its axis. DThe Earth has an atmosphere.

60. 30. Which of the following statements is true about the moon? AThe moon orbits around the sun in about 28 days. BSeasons on Earth are caused by the phases of the moon. COnly one side of the moon is visible from the Earth. DIt takes the moon 365 days to orbit around the Earth.

62. 31. Which of the following is one reason that there are more craters on the surface of the moon than on the surface of the Earth? AThe moon has a stronger gravitational pull. More meteorites are pulled to its surface than to the Earth’s surface. BThere is more water on the Earth’s surface than on the moon’s surface. This water causes meteorites to explode. CThe moon has little or no atmosphere. Meteorites heading to Earth burn up in its atmosphere before hitting the ground. DMeteorites are more likely to hit a small body in space, such as the moon, than a larger body like the Earth.

64. 32. Which of the following statements best describes the Earth’s surface? A The surface of the Earth looks exactly like it did thousands of years ago. BThe changes in the Earth’s surface occur for moon. CThe surface of the Earth is constantly changing. DAll of the changes on the Earth’s surface occur slowly.

66. 33. The Earth rotates on its axis and revolves around the sun. The moon rotates on its axis and revolves around the— Asun BEarth Cplanets Dsolar system

68. 34. Like Earth, the moon’s core is most likely— Asolid rock Bnitrogen gas Cmolten rock Dfull of craters.