1. Space Boot Camp – Part 2 5.8D: Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth and Moon. MS ?’s start on #55

2. 35. Why does the moon’s surface have more craters from meteorite strikes than the Earth’s surface? AThe moon has little or no atmosphere, so the meteorites reach its surface without burning up. BThe moon has a stronger gravitational pull than the Earth, so more meteorites strike there. CHeat from the greenhouse effect on the Earth’s surface pushes the meteorites back into space. DThe Earth has many more buildings, trees, and other objects to block the path of any meteorites.

4. 36. Astronauts weigh more on Earth than they do on the moon because— A they have less mass on the moon. B their density decreases on the moon. C the moon has less gravity than Earth. D the moon has less friction than Earth.

6. 37. The moon has no light of its own, yet we see it shining in the night sky. How is this possible? A Earth reflects light from the moon. B The moon reflects light from the sun. C Heat on the moon’s surface glows in the night sky. D There are no clouds above the surface of the moon.

8. 38. Compared to most stars and planets, our moon is relatively small. Why does the moon appear larger than most planets or stars? A The moon is larger than most stars or planets. B The Earth is tilted on its axis toward the moon. C The planets and stars are larger than the moon. D The moon is closer to the Earth than the stars or planets.

10. 39. Which of the following describes a feature that is shared by Earth and the Moon? AThey have nearly the same atmosphere. BThey have almost the same gravitational pull. CThey have a rocky crust that includes mountains. DThey have areas that show considerable water.

12. 40. How would the measurable properties of a golf ball change if it were moved from Earth to the Moon? AIt would have the same mass, but a different weight. BIt would have the same weight, but a different mass. CIt would have the same density, but a different mass. DIt would have the same mass, but a different density.

14. 41. A scientist used a telescope to look at the moon. She saw large, round, dark areas on the Moon’s surface. Which of the following did she MOST LIKELY see? APlains BValleys CCraters DOceans

16. 42. Which of the landforms listed below is found on the Earth, but NOT on the moon? AMountains BImpact craters CActive volcanoes DPlains

18. 43. Why can we see stars at night and not during the day? AThere are no stars in the sky during the day. BThe stars do not give off any light during the day. CThe stars give off light during the day and by the time it reaches us, it is night. DThe bright light of the Sun blocks out the light of other stars.

20. True of False: 44. The moon orbits around the sun in about 29.5 days/1 month.

21. True of False: 44. FALSE – moon orbits around the EARTH every 29.5 days/1 month

22. True of False: 45. Seasons on Earth are caused by the phases of the moon.

23. True of False: 45. FALSE – seasons are caused by the tilting of Earth

24. True of False: 46. Only one side of the moon is visible from the Earth.

25. True of False: 46. TRUE

26. True of False: 47. The moon has no light of its own—it reflects light from the Earth

27. True of False: 47. FALSE – the moon reflects light from the SUN

28. True of False: 48. The moon rotates on an axis as it revolves around the Earth.

29. True of False: 48. TRUE

30. True of False: 49. There is less gravity on the moon than on the Earth.

31. True of False: 49. TRUE

32. True of False: 50. There are mountains, hills and plains on the moon.

33. True of False: 50. TRUE

34. True of False: 51. It takes the moon about 29 days to orbit around the Earth.

35. True of False: 51. TRUE

36. 52. Astronauts walking on the moon must wear helmets. What is different about the helmets on the moon? AMass B Color C Weight D Shape

37. 53. Why are there no clouds on the moon? There is— Ano liquid water on the moon B no solar energy on the moon C no living things on the moon D no gravity on the moon

39. 54. Why do you see more impact craters on the moon’s surface than on the Earth’s surface? AThe moon is hit by more meteors since it is further out in space than Earth. B Meteors hitting the moon make deeper craters than meteors hitting Earth. C The moon’s soil is softer than Earth’s, so the craters are deeper. D Weathering and erosion smoothed out many craters on the Earth’s surface.

41. 55.Studies of the surface of the moon increased with Galileo’s invention of the – A. microscope B. telescope C. camera D. computer

43. 56.While Earth is characterized as possessing an atmosphere with the ability to produce winds, the moon is characterized as – A. having only a very thin atmosphere B. Possessing large bodies of liquid water C. lacking surface dust D. possessing an atmosphere with large amounts of oxygen

45. 57.Students know there are patterns in the natural world. One of these patterns is the relationship between the Sun, Earth, and Moon. Which of the following correctly explains the relationship of the Earth, Moon, and Sun? A. Earth revolves around the Moon as Earth revolves around the Sun. B. The Sun revolves around Earth as the Moon revolves around Earth. C. The Moon revolves around Earth as Earth revolves around the Sun. D. Earth revolves around the Moon as the Sun revolves around Earth.

47. 58.Which of the following pairs could be classified as surface landscape for Earth but could NOT be classified as surface landscape for the moon? A. Rocks, craters B. Trees, dust C. Mountains, craters D. Craters, dust

49. 59.The surfaces of the Earth, Moon, and Sun are described as having different physical characteristics. How is the Sun different from the Earth and Moon? A. The Sun has no gravity. B. The Sun is a solid. C. The Sun does not produce its own heat. D. The Sun is capable of producing its own light.

51. 60.We know that Earth consists of different layers. The Sun also has layers, but unlike Earth, the Sun is entirely – A. Solid B. Gas C. Melted rock D. Liquid

53. 61.Earth is like the Moon in many ways. One way the Moon is different from Earth is – A. There is no weather on the Moon B. There are no craters on Earth C. There is no weather on Earth D. There is more gravity on the Moon

55. 62.All of the following are characteristics of both Earth and the Moon except – A. Solid rocks B. Craters C. Oceans D. Gravity

57. 63. Which layer of the Sun shown below is also a layer of Earth? A. Corona B. Convection zone C. Radiative zone D. Core

59. 64. Which statement does NOT correctly describe the Moon and Earth? A. They both have craters, mountains, and plains. B. They both have gravity. C. They both can sustain life. D. They both rotate and revolve.

61. 64.Scientist who study the Sun are called astronomers. Our Sun gives us light, heat, and energy. Without the Sun, life on Earth would not exist. The sun is a normal star, but it is much closer to us than any other star. By studying the Sun we can learn more about – A. Other planets B. Other asteroids C. Other stars D. Other satellites

63. 65. The Sun and Earth are both constantly changing. Students researched and collected information to compare the Earth’s and Sun’s physical characteristics by observing detailed photographs of each on the Internet. Which of the following is a physical characteristic of the Sun but NOT of Earth? A. Sunspots B. Layers C. Atmosphere D. Spherical shape

65. 65.An astronomer wrote several books on the effects of the Moon and Earth. He collected information by detailed observations over an extended period of time and then recorded his finding in a science journal. Which is the most important reason why a scientist would record the findings of a scientific investigation? A. To provide evidence to support a conclusion B. To write a narrative encouraging people to visit the Moon C. To provide other scientists with interesting facts D. To encourage students to read about science

67. 66. Which of the following tools would be most useful for demonstrating and comparing characteristics of the Earth, Moon, and Sun? A. Microscope B. Triple beam balance C. Terrarium D. Model

69. 66. Scale models are often used to compare the sizes of objects in space. Compared to the size of Earth, the Sun is 110 times bigger. Compared to Earth, the moon is 4 times smaller. Which combination of items should be used to make the closest scale model of Earth and Sun? A. Beach ball and soccer ball B. Baseball and soccer ball C. Pea and soccer ball D. Basketball and soccer ball

71. 67.Groups of students wrote comparisons about Earth, Moon, and Sun. Which comparison is correct? A. #1 B. #2 C. #3 D. #4 1 The Sun is made of molten metals. Earth is made of only metals. The moon is made of only solid rock. 2 The Sun has an atmosphere. The Moon does not have a viable atmosphere. Earth has an atmosphere. 3 The Sun has less gravity than the Moon and Earth. The Moon has more gravity than the Sun. Earth has more gravity than the Sun and Moon 4 The Sun is larger than Earth but smaller than the Moon. The Moon is smaller than Earth. Earth is larger than the Moon and Sun.

72. 67.Groups of students wrote comparisons about Earth, Moon, and Sun. Which comparison is correct? A. #1 B. #2 C. #3 D. #4 1 The Sun is made of molten metals. Earth is made of only metals. The moon is made of only solid rock. 2 The Sun has an atmosphere. The Moon does not have a viable atmosphere. Earth has an atmosphere. 3 The Sun has less gravity than the Moon and Earth. The Moon has more gravity than the Sun. Earth has more gravity than the Sun and Moon 4 The Sun is larger than Earth but smaller than the Moon. The Moon is smaller than Earth. Earth is larger than the Moon and Sun.

73. 66. Students designed an experiment to investigate how craters were formed on the Moon. The students put flour in a pan and covered the flour with a layer of cocoa powder. Then, students dropped the same size marbles from heights of 5 centimeters, 10 centimeters, and 20 centimeters. They measured the depth and width of each crater and recorded the data on a table. What was the independent variable of the investigation? A. The amount of flour B. The cocoa powder C. The size of marble D. The height from which the marbles were dropped.

75. 67.According to the this information about moon rocks, you can conclude— A. Moon rocks come in a variety of colors B. Are easy to get C. Are valuable D. Are inexpensive