1. 5th Grade MidYear Science Review, Part 4

2. Gravity from the moon causes tides on the Earth’s surface.
4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time.
Gravity from the moon causes tides on the Earth’s surface.

3. 4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time.
Seasons are caused by the Earth’s tilt on its axis as it revolves around the sun.

4. 4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time.
The moon has no light of its own. It simply reflects light from the sun. Since the moon is rotating on its axis AND revolving around the Earth, the part of the moon we see changes during each month.

5. 4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time.
The lunar cycle is the time it takes for the moon to revolve once around the Earth. To people on Earth, the moon appears to change shape during the month. These changes are called the moon’s phases.

6. New Moon

7. First Quarter

8. Full Moon

9. Last Quarter

10. Most importantly of all!!!!
It takes about 28 days for the moon to orbit the Earth

11. Complete questions 31-33 on the review sheet.
4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time.
Complete questions on the review sheet.

12. 5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
The Moon
The Earth
About ¾ of the surface is covered with water.
Surrounded by an atmosphere of gases
No liquid water found on the moon’s surface.
Little or no atmosphere on the surface

13. 5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
The Earth
The Moon
Diameter: 1,390,000 km
Shape: sphere
Surface: gaseous (helium and hydrogen)
No volcanoes
Rotation: about 25 Earth days
Diameter: 12,756 km
Shape: sphere
Surface: rocky, soil, few craters, rocky mountains, plains, valleys
Active volcanoes
Rotation: 24 hours
Revolution: about 365 days
Diameter: 3,475 km
Shape: sphere
Surface: rocky, moon dust, lots of craters, rocky mountains, plains, valleys
Inactive volcanoes
Rotation: about 28 days
Revolution: about 28 days

14. 5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
The earth rotates, or spins on its axis, once every 24 hours. This rotation is the reason we have day and night!
The moon rotates on its axis at the same exact speed that it revolves around the Earth.

15. The sun is the closest star to the Earth.
5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
The sun is the closest star to the Earth.
The sun is made up of hot gases, mainly helium and hydrogen.
Almost all of the energy found on the Earth comes from the sun.

16. Its energy influences Earth’s wind and weather.
5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
The sun’s energy provides Earth with the light and heat needed to support life.
Its energy influences Earth’s wind and weather.
Energy from the sun also drives the water cycle on Earth. 16

17. 5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
The sun is the only object in our solar system that can produce its own light.
Even though it is only a medium-sized star, the sun is the largest object in the solar system.

18. 5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
Like the Earth, the sun has layers.
Nuclear reactions take place in the core. These reactions release huge amounts of energy and makes the core extremely hot (10-20 million degrees Celsius).
The energy passes from the core through the other layers and then travels through space. 18

19. The photosphere is the surface of the sun that we can see.
5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
The photosphere is the surface of the sun that we can see.
In a solar eclipse, a red circle can be seen around the sun. This is the chromosphere. It is red because of all the hydrogen surrounding the sun. 19

20. The dark, cooler spots found on the sun’s surface are called sunspots.
5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
The dark, cooler spots found on the sun’s surface are called sunspots.
Solar flares are violent bursts of energy from the sun’s surface.

21. Green plants need sunlight in order to grow and thrive.
5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
Green plants need sunlight in order to grow and thrive.
All of the energy plants need to produce their own food comes from the sun.
Plants need water to grow.
Sunlight is also very important. 21

22. 5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
Air over land heats up and cools down more quickly than air over water.
Warm air rises and cool air rushes in to fill the space. This creates wind. 22

23. Answer questions 34-37 on your review sheet.
5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
Answer questions on your review sheet. 23

24. 3.8D Identify the planets in Earth’s solar system and their position in relation to the sun.
The solar system is an example of a system. Gravity holds the planets and moons in their orbits. 24

25. The sun is at the center of our solar system.
3.8D Identify the planets in Earth’s solar system and their position in relation to the sun.
Pluto
Uranus
Neptune
Mars
Sun
Saturn
Venus
Jupiter
Earth
Mercury
The sun is at the center of our solar system.
The inner planets in order from the sun are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.
The outer planets in order from the sun are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
Pluto is so small that it is now classified as a dwarf planet. 25

26. The planets are not usually found in a straight line.
3.8D Identify the planets in Earth’s solar system and their position in relation to the sun.
The planets are not usually found in a straight line.
They are in curved paths around the sun called orbits. 26

27. 3.8D Identify the planets in Earth’s solar system and their position in relation to the sun.
The path a planet follows as it revolves around the sun is called its orbit. It takes each planet a fixed length of time to complete one revolution.
Sun 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Pluto 8
Planet Code
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Our Solar System

28. Answer questions 39-40 on your review sheet.
3.8D Identify the planets in Earth’s solar system and their position in relation to the sun.
Answer questions on your review sheet.