1.  Foreign policy is goal –oriented in the sense that it's aimed at achieving set of goals.  Goals of foreign policy can be divided into,declared and non declared goals, general and more detailed, majors and minors.

2.  Major (principal-main) goals of foreign policy can be summarized as the following:  1)-The goal of the self-preservation.It means the goal to protect the state against any attack, threat or aggression, the national security and territorial sovereignty.  2)-The goal of self-sufficiency and national development in order that the state can protect its interests.

3.  3)-The goal of promoting and enriching the resources of the states in order that the state can influence the I.R in a manner favoring it.  4)-The goal of expansion and penetration in all fields and domains (culture-ideology- technology-and communication…..)in order that the state can have a say in the I.R

4.  Each foreign policy has its own orientation that guides the policy of the state and directs its conduct towards the other actors in the international arena, they can be summarized in: isolation,non-alignment and alliance.

5.  A)-The isolation based orientation:  The state largely minimized the scope and degree of involvement in the international affaires and problems. Such orientation presupposes to be effective a higher degree of economic self sufficiency.Ex,China and Britain adopted"isolation"  Nowadays, it's not possible to follow such orientation due to the progress in technology and communication

6.  B)-Non-alignment orientation:  This means not to be aligned to any the conflicting ideologies. Rather,the non-aligned has its own positions and interests which it seeks to achieve with being aligned to any other position or policy.The non-aligned may seek consolidate international peace and remove international tentions.Ex,African and Asian states adopted non-alignment during the cold war era.