1. Phylum Porifera no symmetry, tissues or organs sessile (=attached)
filter feeders – have incurrent pores to allow food to enter
reproduce by budding
hermaphroditic

4. Phylum Cnidaria jellyfish, hydras, sea anemones tissues
2 layers – ectoderm and endoderm
specialized stinging cells = nematocysts –barbs tipped w/ toxin
digestive sac with mouth (only one opening)
radial symmetry

5. Radial Symmetry in Cnidarians

6. Coral spawning

7. Stay Far Away!!!

8. Who has the Worst Sting?
Box Jelly or Sea Wasp: Causes respiratory failure. There are many (about 70) reported deaths in Australia per year. Wearing pantyhose has been shown to prevent the jelly from stinging

9. Life cycle video
Moon Jelly Life Cycle

10. TERMS used to describe cephalized (with a head end) organisms:
Anterior
Posterior
Dorsal
Ventral

11. Phylum Platyhelminthes
primitive organs
acoelomates – tissue fills region between gut and body wall
bilateral symmetry
cephalized
3 layers – endo- , ecto, and meso – derm
No circulatory system-
digestive cavity has one opening

12. Candy Striped flatworm

13. Phylum Nematoda pseudocoelomates – false coelum bilateral symmetry
separate sexes
mouth and anus =simplest animal with complete digestive system
nerve cord and nerve rings

15. Phylum Annelida Name means ‘little rings’ =Segmented worms
true coelum – mesoderm + body cavity lined w/ peritoneum and housing organs
3 tissue layers – well defined systems
Cephalization – having forward end that encounters food/stimuli first

16. Segmented worms, earthworms, leaches

17. Phylum Mollusca 2nd largest –60,000 species
Most abundant marine species
Classes include chitons, gastropods, bivalves and cephalopods
soft body

18. Mollusc Body Plan 3 parts: bilateral symmetry Coelomate
Head/foot – with sensory and motor organs
Visceral Mass – organs for digestion, excretion, reproduction
Mantle – hangs over visceral mass and secretes shell
bilateral symmetry
Coelomate
Large group during Cambrian explosion

19. Clam
Spawning

20. Nudibranchs
Nudibranch feeding off of a Man-o-War and using the nemotocysts

22. Chitons

23. Octopus, Squid and Cuttlefish

24. Phylum Arthropoda largest phylum ~ 1,000,000 species
hardened jointed exoskeletons of chitin
specialized appendages
segmented – head, thorax and abdomen
organ systems

26. 3 Classes/Subphyla of Arthropods Over 90% of all Animals
Insects: - 3 prs of legs tracheal breathing tubes
Arachnids: - 4 prs of legs
Crustaceans – segmented bodies, gills, molting replaces exoskeleton: Includes lobsters, crayfish and shrimp

27. Asian seafood market =

28. Horseshoe Crab is not a true crab. Its not a horsehoe either
Horseshoe babies

29. Phylum Echinodermata marine coelomates
radial symmetry and bilateral symmetry mixed
water vascular system = network of hydraulic canals branching into tube feet.
Tube feet for locomotion, feeding and gas exchange
regeneration
tubefeet

30. I thought evolved organisms were bilaterally symmetrical??
Larval forms of echinoderms are bilaterally symmetrical
Bipinnaria are planktonic

31. What’s a water vascular system?

32. Water Vascular System
Hydraulic system that functions in locomotion, feeding, and respiration
Water enters madreporite into ring canal
Each ring canal leads into each ray
Tube feet (thousands) have a sac like structure (ampullae) that are squeezed and create a suction

33. sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, brittle stars

34. Phylum Chordata * Bilateral Symmetry
* Most are vertebrates ( 47,000 species)
Compared to 2,100 invertebrate chordates
* Share embryonic similarities:
*Notochord – dorsal rod supports body becomes backbone in most.
*Nerve cord – runs parallel to notochord – becomes spinal cord and brain
*Slits in pharynx ( Pharyngeal slits)
*Embryos have tails that extends past anus

35. Chordates but not Vertebrates

36. Phylum Chordata Class Agnatha
Agnatha – jawless fishes (Hagfish, lamprey)
Video clip

37. Phylum Chordata Class Chondrichthyes
Cartilaginous fish
Includes sharks and skates
No Bone – have cartilage for skeleton
Chondro = cartilage
Ichthyes = fish
Octopus vs Shark

38. Phylum Chordata Class Osteichthyes
bony fish
-Osteo = bone
-ichthyes = fish

39. Phylum Chordata Class Amphibia
Made transition from water to land
Require water to lay eggs, and to keep skin moist for gas exchange
Frogs, toads, salamanders

41. Phylum Chordata Class Reptilia
Includes turtles, snakes, lizards, crocs, alligators
Have fully developed lungss and systems
Have AMNIOTE EGG – shelled so it can be laid on land!

42. Fringed Lizard, Alligator

43. Phylum Chordata Class Aves
Birds
hollow bones
Feathers for flight, insulation or both
Resemble reptiles in many ways

44. Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia
Hair
Mammary glands (milk-producing) feed young
divided into 3 groups Monotremes Marsupials Placentals

45. Monotremes Duck Billed Platypus and Echidna Egg laying mammals

46. Marsupials
Live birth – worm-like
Develops in mother’s pouch

47. Placental Mammals
Placenta = spongy, blood-filled tissue of fetal and maternal tissues which delivers nutrients and oxygen to embryo and removes wastes