1. Brain:Spinal cord tumors 10:1
TUMORS OF CNS
Brain tumors:10-17/100,000 ,
20% of childhood tumors
Spinal cord tumors: 1-2/100,000
Brain:Spinal cord tumors :1

2. Brain tumors are basically catagorised as
-benign
-malignant –common than benign in the brain

3. Malignancies can be either
Primary
Secondary

4. Specific Features: Location within the brain may be more
important than nature of tumor

5. In children, 70% are infra- tentorial (posterior fossa)
In adults 70% supratentorial

6. Significance
Tumors can effect any part of the brain and depending on what part(s) of the brain it affects can have a number of symptoms.
Seizures
Difficulty with language
Mood changes
Change of personality
Changes in vision, hearing, and sensation.
Difficulty with muscle movement
Difficulty with coordination control

7. Cancers Grading Low-grade
Well-differentiated (benign) with abetter prognosis.
High-grade
Undifferentiated (malignant) with worst prognosis

8. 3- meninges  Meningioma
Classification of Tumors :according to the cell of origin
1- Glial cells  Glioma
I- Astrocytoma & variants
ii- Oligodendroglioma
iii-Ependymoma
iv- Microglioma
2- Primitive cells 
Medulloblastoma, Neuroblastoma
3- meninges  Meningioma
4- Nerve Sheath Schwannoma (Neurilemmoma), Neurofibroma
5- Lymphoreticular cells  Lymphoma
6- Others

9. 1- ASTROCYTOMA
Commonest glial tumour
Different types
Different age groups

10. ,
CT / Glioblastoma Multiforme

16. Ependymoma in 4th.ventricle

17. Ependymal Rosettes

18. MEDULLOBLASTOMA:
cerebellar tumor in
children
- Hydrocephalus &ICP occur early
- Radiation + chemotherapy better
-CSF dissemination

19. CT- Medulloblastoma

20. Medulloblastoma

21. Medulloblastoma/ Rosettes

22. MENINGIOMA : Arise from meninges in brain or spinal cord.
More in adult females
Most are none cancerous

23. Meningioma

24. Meningioma

25. METASTATIC TUMORS
Account for about 25-50% of solid intracranial tumors
Solid tumors:
Lung
Breast
Melanoma.
Kidney.
GIT

26. Spinal cord tumors

27. INTRASPINALTUMORS
Classified according to location in relation to the dura
Extradural- arising from the extradural space
Intradural - originating within the neural tissue.
1. Extramedullary
arising from the blood vessels, meninges or nerve roots,
forming an intradural tumor
Ex- Neurofibromas(Nerve sheath tumor)
grow in the nerve root that extends into the
extradural space
Meningiomas
tumor originates from the dura matter and arachnoid membranes

28. Intramedullary
tumors arisingfromwithin the substance o the spinalcorditself

29. Treatment
Surgery
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for malignancies