1. Principles of Operant Conditioning What are 2 WAYS TO Increase Behavior? Positive Reinforcement Negative Reinforcement (Teachers use this rarely). What are 2 ways to Decrease desired Behavior? Presentation Punishment Removal Punishment

2. HOW ARE THE TERMS BELOW RELATED TO THE PREVIOUS SLIDE? 1. SHAPING It’s a way to increase (successive approximations) 2. EXTINCTION The elimination of behavior

3. The Drawbacks of Punishment Usually Temporary SUPPRESSION Situational Problems: Behaviors may increase in situations where not punished Punishment often conditions negative emotional responses (e.g. what is a term for this that we have already gone over?) Punishment may lead to aggression Punishment doesn’t illustrate correct behavior

4. VIDEO: A Conversation with BF Skinner CRM Films (Source: UNR Film & Video Library)

5. Using principles of operant conditioning, punishment, extinction, shaping, etc…. 1. Develop a strategy to reduce or eliminate the misbehavior. Describe specific behaviors(s) you will reinforce and what reinforcer you will use and WHY 1. A senior picks fights with freshmen in class 2. Sarah is frequently late to class 3. Liz and Debbie pass notes and whisper to each other during Educational Psychology lectures.

6. 1. Let students reinforce each other. 2. Tailor reinforcers to each student (let them choose when appropriate). 3. Praise! (Produces intrinsic reinforcement) 4. Be wary! Punishments often are reinforcers. 5. Shape low frequency responses (successive approximation). 6. Don’t reinforce all the time. (Mix it up your schedule of reinforcement!) 7. When punishing, do it in private. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE CLASSROOM