1. Marine Ecosystems

2. Estuaries Estuaries are formed where ocean water mixes with fresh water These calm waters contain an abundance of Dissolved Oxygen, nutrients, and minerals supplied by the river water. Because of this, lots of fish love to live there

5. Salt Marsh-Part of an estuary Provide a habitat for fish

8. Ocean Ecosystems There are 4 distinct life zones in the ocean in relationship to the beach. Each life zone differs in physical conditions.

9. Life Zones Open Ocean-

10. Intertidal Zone This is the area near the beach between high and low tide. Animals living in this area are adapted to living both underwater and exposed to air.

11. Intertidal Zone Organisms-write down a few examples

12. Play Intertidal Zone Video..\..\Videos\The Intertidal zone [www.keepvid.com].mp4..\..\Videos\The Intertidal zone [www.keepvid.com].mp4

13. Neritic Zone slopes down from the edge of the shoreline toward the ocean floor. a few meters to 200 meters. temperature and salinity remaining fairly constant in this zone MOST OF THE OCEAN LIFE IS FOUND HERE!

14. Coral Reef Corals are tiny organisms that live attached to each other in large groups called colonies As they die, their skeletons are left behind to create reefs. Become habitats for many fish

15. Coral Reef

18. Real Nemo in Coral Reef Video..\..\Videos\Finding Nemo hiding in the live coral [www.keepvid.com].mp4..\..\Videos\Finding Nemo hiding in the live coral [www.keepvid.com].mp4

19. Oceanic Zone open waters of the ocean. from the ocean’s surface to its deepest waters, sunlight can only penetrates a few hundred meters Due to this, all producers (phytoplankton), live in this zone. Larger animals, such as whales and dolphins, live in this zone.

20. Open Ocean Zone (Oceanic)

21. Oceanic Zone

22. Abyssal Zone The floor of the deep ocean is called the abyss. High pressure, low temperature, and the absence of light Animals that live in this zone: worms, bacteria, sea urchins, etc. These organisms survive by eating organic material, like dead animals, that fall from the surface

23. Strangest fish on the planet live near the bottom-BUT NO FISH ON THE BOTTOM

26. Play Abyss Video..\..\Videos\abyss fish.mp4

27. Photic Zone vs Benthic Zone Photic zone- sun light reaches ~200 meters

28. Ocean Pollution - What is the most common solid waste in oceans? Plastic Never biodegrades Animals mistake it for food Very buoyant and floats along with the ocean currents

29. Bird carcass that died from eating plastic in ocean.

35. Sea of plastic

36. Hidden Pollution Chemicals such as lead and mercury are widespread in the oceans Most dangerous chemicals are clear Some pregnant women who are highly susceptible to chemicals are advised not to eat fish or tuna. WHY?

37. Dead Zones Zones of the oceans where nothing survives because the currents have deposited these chemicals there

38. Where does most of the pollution enter the ocean? Run-off from land Urban run-off into rivers bring the pollution to the oceans and then travel in the ocean currents.

39. What is the largest polluter of the oceans?

41. Discussion Questions Where are coral reefs and most of the ocean life located? a. in the oceanic zone b. in estuaries. c. in the intertidal zone d. in the neritic zone

42. Which of the following organisms could not live on the bottom of ocean floor of the oceanic zone? A. fish B. Sea urchins C. Bacteria D. worms

43. How do nutrients move in the ocean as a result of upwelling? A. from deep, colder areas to warm, shallow areas B. from warm, shallow areas to deep, colder areas. C. from the neritic zone to the intertidal zone D. from the ocean floor into estuaries