1. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. How to Use This Presentation To View the presentation as a slideshow with effects select “View” on the menu bar and click on “Slide Show.” To advance through the presentation, click the right arrow key or the space bar. From the resources slide, click on any resource to see a presentation for that resource. From the Chapter menu screen click on any lesson to go directly to that lesson’s presentation. You may exit the slide show at any time by pressing the Esc key.

2. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter Presentation Transparencies Bellringers Image and Activity Bank Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter Menu Brain Food Video Quiz Quotes About Character

3. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “He that respects himself is safe from others; He wears a coat of mail that none can pierce.” —Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

4. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Lifestyle Diseases Chapter 14

5. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Lifestyle Diseases Contents Section 1 Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases Section 3 Cancer Section 4 Living with Diabetes Chapter 14

6. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 1 Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases Bellringer Fold a sheet of paper in half lengthwise and make a crease. At the top of one side, write the word “Healthy.” At the top of the other side, write the word “Risky.” List under each title the things people do that are either healthy or risky to their health. Chapter 14

7. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Objectives Describe how lifestyle can lead to diseases. List four controllable and four uncontrollable risk factors for lifestyle diseases. State two actions you can take now to lower your risk for developing a lifestyle disease later in life. Chapter 14 Section 1 Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases

8. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. What Are Lifestyle Diseases? Lifestyle diseases are diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by other factors. Lifestyle diseases include cardiovascular disease, many forms of cancer, and two forms of diabetes. When you know the factors that contribute to lifestyle diseases, you can make lifestyle choices now to reduce your chances of these diseases later in life. Chapter 14 Section 1 Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases

9. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Risk Factors for Lifestyle Diseases Controllable risk factors for lifestyle diseases include: Chapter 14 your diet and body weight your daily levels of physical activity your level of sun exposure smoking and alcohol abuse Section 1 Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases

10. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Risk Factors for Lifestyle Diseases Uncontrollable risk factors for lifestyle diseases include: Chapter 14 age gender ethnicity heredity Section 1 Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases

11. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases Bellringer Look at the quote at right. Both the boy’s father and his grandfather have high blood pressure. What types of risk factors does the boy have? Chapter 14

12. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases Objectives Summarize how one’s lifestyle can contribute to cardiovascular disease. Describe four types of cardiovascular diseases. Identify two ways to detect and two ways to treat cardiovascular diseases. List four things you can do to lower your risk for cardiovascular diseases. Chapter 14

13. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are diseases and disorders that result from progressive damage to the heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the United States. Chapter 14

14. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? The four main types of cardiovascular diseases are: Chapter 14 1.stroke 2.high blood pressure 3.heart attack 4.atherosclerosis

15. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? Strokes are sudden attacks of weakness or paralysis that occur when blood flow to an area of the brain is interrupted. Blood pressure is the force that blood exerts on the walls of a blood vessel. High blood pressure can injure blood vessel walls, leading to other cardiovascular diseases. Chapter 14

16. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? Atherosclerosis is a disease in which fatty materials build up on artery walls. This can block blood flow or release clots that cause strokes or heart attacks. Chapter 14

17. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? A heart attack is the damage and loss of function of an area of the heart muscle. Heart attacks are often caused by a blockage of the coronary arteries that carry blood into the heart. Chapter 14

18. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases Detecting and Treating Cardiovascular Diseases Checking blood pressure is one way to monitor cardiovascular health and detect CVDs. Systolic pressure is the maximum blood pressure when the heart contracts. Diastolic pressure is the blood pressure between heart contractions. Blood pressures are cited in the form “Systolic pressure/Diastolic pressure.” Normal blood pressure is between 80/50 and 130/85. Chapter 14

19. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases Detecting and Treating Cardiovascular Diseases Other methods for detecting CVDs include: Chapter 14 electrocardiograms (EKGs) that measure the electrical activity of the heart ultrasound images of the pumping heart and heart valves angiography – Injecting dye into the coronary arteries to look for blockages

20. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases Detecting and Treating Cardiovascular Diseases Options for treating CVDs include: Chapter 14 diet and exercise medicines surgery angioplasty pacemakers transplants

21. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases Preventing Cardiovascular Diseases Some steps you can take to prevent CVDs include: Chapter 14 reducing consumption of saturated fats, cholesterol, and salt keeping weight near recommended levels not smoking exercising regularly monitoring your blood pressure and cholesterol level reducing stress

22. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer Bellringer List as many types of cancers as you can. Chapter 14

23. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer Objectives Describe what cancer is. Identify three causes of cancer. Describe four types of cancer. Identify three ways to detect and three ways to treat cancer. List five things you can do to lower your risk for cancer. Chapter 14

24. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer What Is Cancer? Cancer is a disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, after CVDs. Cancer starts with genetic damage. When the genes that control cell growth are damaged, some cells begin to divide again and again, making tumors. Chapter 14

25. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer What Is Cancer? A malignant tumor is a mass of cells that invades and destroys normal tissue. A benign tumor is an abnormal but usually harmless cell mass. Metastasis is a process in which cancer cells travel to other parts of the body, creating new tumors. Chapter 14

26. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer What Is Cancer? Chapter 14

27. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer What Is Cancer? You can inherit damaged or mutated genes that increase your chance of getting cancer. Carcinogens, or cancer causing agents, cause cancer by damaging genes. Chapter 14

28. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer Chapter 14

29. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer Chapter 14

30. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer Detecting and Treating Cancer Methods of detecting cancer include: Chapter 14 self-exams biopsies (tissue samples) x rays MRI blood and DNA tests

31. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer Chapter 14

32. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer Detecting and Treating Cancer Methods of treating cancer include: Chapter 14 surgery chemotherapy – using drugs to kill cancer cells radiation therapy – using radiation to kill cancer cells

33. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer Detecting and Treating Cancer Steps you can take to prevent cancer include: Chapter 14 Don’t smoke Limit exposure to UV radiation Eat less saturated fats and more fruits, vegetables, and fiber Exercise and maintain a healthy weight Get regular medical checkups

34. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Living with Diabetes Bellringer List foods that you eat that are high in sugar. Chapter 14

35. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Living with Diabetes Objectives Describe the role of insulin in diabetes. Compare type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Identify two ways to detect and two ways to treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Name two ways that you can prevent type 2 diabetes. Chapter 14

36. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Living with Diabetes What Is Diabetes? When your cells need energy, the body breaks down carbohydrates that you eat into glucose. Glucose circulates through the body in the bloodstream. Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas that causes cells to remove glucose from the blood. Diabetes is a disorder in which cells are unable to obtain glucose from the blood, resulting in high blood-glucose levels. Chapter 14

37. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Living with Diabetes What Is Diabetes? In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. In type 2 diabetes, insulin is produced, but the body’s cells fail to respond to the insulin. Chapter 14

38. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Living with Diabetes What Is Diabetes? With any kind of diabetes, the body uses fat and protein instead of glucose for energy. This causes a build-up of toxic substances in the blood. A diabetic coma is a loss of consciousness that happens when there is too much blood sugar and too many toxic substances in the blood. Chapter 14

39. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Living with Diabetes What Is Diabetes? Chapter 14

40. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Living with Diabetes Detecting and Treating Diabetes Detecting diabetes early is important to avoid severe complications, such as blindness, strokes, kidney disease, and loss of lower limbs. If you have symptoms of diabetes, see a doctor as soon as possible. Doctors use urinalysis, glucose-tolerance tests, insulin tests, and other kinds of tests to detect diabetes. Chapter 14

41. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Living with Diabetes Detecting and Treating Diabetes Treatment of type 1 diabetes involves keeping blood- glucose levels as close to normal as possible. People with type 1 diabetes must check their blood- glucose levels several times a day and must learn to give themselves insulin injections. Chapter 14

42. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Living with Diabetes Detecting and Treating Diabetes Treatment of type 2 diabetes sometimes involves insulin, but more often focuses on frequent exercise and a healthy diet with moderate amounts of sugar. Chapter 14

43. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Living with Diabetes Detecting and Treating Diabetes There is currently no way to prevent type 1 diabetes. To prevent type 2 diabetes, you can: Chapter 14 exercise regularly maintain a healthy weight eat a healthy diet avoid tobacco products reduce stress levels

44. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Click below to watch the Brain Food Video Quiz that accompanies this chapter. You may stop the video at any time by pressing the Esc key. Brain Food Video Quiz

45. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Chapter 14 Show

46. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 14

47. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 14 Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases

48. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 14 Section 2 Cardiovascular Diseases

49. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Cancer Chapter 14

50. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “If you stand straight, do not fear a crooked shadow.” —Chinese Proverb

51. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “One falsehood spoils a thousand truths.” —African Proverb

52. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “A man cannot be comfortable without his own approval.” —Mark Twain

53. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Our reverence is good for nothing if it does not begin with self-respect.” —Oliver Wendell Holmes

54. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “When the character of a man is not clear to you, look at his friends.” —Japanese Proverb

55. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “What lies behind us and what lies before us are small matters compared to what lies within us.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson

56. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “A good name, like good will, is got by many actions and lost by one.” —Lord Jeffrey

57. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “To enjoy the things we ought and to hate the things we ought has the greatest bearing on excellence of character.” —Aristotle

58. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “He that respects himself is safe from others; He wears a coat of mail that none can pierce.” —Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

59. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “The reputation of a thousand years may be determined by the conduct of one hour.” —Japanese Proverb

60. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Dreams are the touchstones of our character.” —Henry David Thoreau

61. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “A man’s character is his fate.” —Heraclitus

62. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is that which reveals moral purpose, exposing the class of things a man chooses and avoids.” —Aristotle

63. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “What you do speaks so loud that I cannot hear what you say.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson

64. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Abstinence is the surety of temperance.” —Plato

65. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “This above all, to thine own self be true/And it must follow, as the night the day/ Thou canst not then be false to any man.” —William Shakespeare

66. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “No change of circumstances can repair a defect of character.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson

67. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Men acquire a particular quality by constantly acting a particular way... you become just by performing just actions, temperate by performing temperate actions, brave by performing brave actions.” —Aristotle

68. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “The way to gain a good reputation is to endeavor to be what you desire to appear.” —Socrates

69. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Do what you know and perception is converted into character.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson

70. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Rather fail with honor than succeed by fraud.” —Sophocles

71. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is higher than intellect.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson

72. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “To know what is right and not do it is the worst cowardice.” —Confucius

73. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “It takes less time to do a thing right, than it does to explain why you did it wrong.” —Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

74. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Nature magically suits a man to his fortunes, by making them the fruit of his character.” —Ralph Waldo Emerson

75. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “That soul that can be honest is the only perfect man.” —John Fletcher

76. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “One does evil enough when one does nothing good.” —German Proverb

77. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “There is no pillow so soft as a clear conscience.” —French Proverb

78. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Don't forget to love yourself.” —Soren Kierkegaard

79. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is the indelible mark that determines the only true value of all people and all their work.” —Orison Swett Marden

80. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “What we think or what we believe is, in the end, of little consequence. The only thing of consequence is what we do.” —John Ruskin

81. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Fame is vapor, popularity an accident, riches take wing, and only character endures.” —Horace Greeley

82. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “You can easily judge the character of a man by how he treats those who can do nothing for him.” —James D. Miles

83. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Right is right, even if everyone is against it; and wrong is wrong, even if everyone is for it.” —William Penn

84. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds.” —George Eliot

85. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is the result of two things: mental attitude and the way we spend our time.” —Elbert Hubbard

86. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “A man without character is like a ship without a rudder.” —Karl G. Maeser

87. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is much easier kept than recovered.” —Thomas Paine

88. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is power.” —Booker T. Washington

89. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “An individual step in character training is to put responsibility on the individual.” —Robert Baden-Powell

90. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Quotes About Character “Character is a by-product; it is produced in the great manufacture of daily duty.” —Woodrow T. Wilson