1. Spanish Empire in America

2. Empire A group of states or countries under a single supreme authority

3. Governing the Empire King Charles V, the King of Spain sets up the colonial government Catholic Opposed Protestant Reformation Oversaw Spanish colonization of Americas “Divine calling to preserve Catholicism”

4. American Empire Divided The Spanish Empire in America was divided into two section- New Spain and Peru Included West Indies

5. Who Controlled the Colonies? Viceroys (governors) controlled an area for the king. Each region of the empire had a viceroy Instituted laws, collected taxes Had trouble enforcing every little detail

6. The Laws of the Indies Laws from Spain that regulated social, political, and economic life in the colonies Created laws on how natives should be dealt with Outline for city planning

7. Laws of the Indies Continued Three Types of Settlements set up under the laws Pueblos-small town with courtyard Presidios- military forts and protection Missions- religious settlements

8. Social Classes within the Empire: The Casta System according to the Laws of the Indies Peninsulares: Born in, and sent by Spain to run the colonies Only they, could hold top positions in government and Catholic Church Large land holders

9. Social Classes within the Empire: The Casta System according to the Laws of the Indies Creoles: Spanish descendants born in America Below peninsulares in the social ladder Well-off Ranchers, bankers, owned plantations Resented the peninsulares

10. Social Classes within the Empire: The Casta System according to the Laws of the Indies Mestizos: Mixed Spanish and Indian background. Worked on farms and ranches owned by creoles