1. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Telecommunications Networking I Lecture 18 Telecommunications Network Management

2. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Telecommunications Network Management Some questions to ask if you are thinking of becoming the owner/operator of a large telecommunications network: -How do I characterize the quality of service I will provide in a way that can be measured and engineered into my networks; and in a way that my customers will find useful

3. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Telecommunications Network Management Some questions to ask if you are thinking of becoming the owner/operator of a large telecommunications network: -How will I ensure that I have enough network capacity to provide my customers with a specified, quantifiable quality of service…but not more network capacity than what is required to do so

4. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Telecommunications Network Management Some questions to ask if you are thinking of becoming the owner/operator of a large telecommunications network: -How do I activate services for customers without having to send technicians out to the customers’ premises (service activation) -How do I monitor each customer’s quality of service (service assurance)

5. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Telecommunications Network Management Some questions to ask if you are thinking of becoming the owner/operator of a large telecommunications network: -How to I monitor the current state (configuration, alarm conditions, and usage measurement data) of my network equipment; and how can my network automatically recover from various fault conditions

6. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Operations Support Systems (OSS’s) Operations Support Systems (OSS’s), not to be confused with operating systems, are complex computer applications which are used to automate many of the tasks that were done manually, in telecommunications systems, a few decades ago. The objectives are to increase responsiveness to customers needs, and to reduce cost Similar to networked information systems in other industries

7. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Telecommunications Management Networks (TMN) Enterprise Management Systems Service Management Systems Network Management Systems Element Management Systems Network Elements Security Billing Traffic Mgmt/QOS Connectivity Redundancy Routing...

8. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. A Classic Traffic Engineering Problem 1 N Lines Trunks 1 M<N Concentrator Erlang’s formulas (queuing theory)

9. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. The Poisson (Random) Process x x x The probability of an “event” in any small interval of length dt (seconds) is dt, where “ ” is called the intensity of the Poisson random process. The occurrence of “events” in any interval is statistically independent of the occurrence of “events” in any other disjoint interval Events Time

10. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. The Poisson (Random) Process x x x The probability of N “events” in an interval of length T seconds is Events Where is T

11. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Example Suppose there are 100 telephone lines connected to a concentrator with M outgoing trunks. Each telephone line generates calls (events) approximately as a Poisson process, at an intensity of 3 calls per hour; and each call lasts exactly 3 minutes. (Clearly a simplification) How many outgoing trunks, N, do we need to ensure the probability of “all trunks busy” at any given time is less than.01? “All trunks busy” would occur if we had M or more “events” in the last 3 minutes

12. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Example (Cont’d) Probability of “all trunks busy” = Where =300 x 3/60 = 15 <.01 Answer M = 26

13. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Service Creation Environment Switch STP ISCP (data + call processing) Intelligent Peripheral (IP) SCE Non-real-time download

14. Copyright 1998, S.D. Personick. All Rights Reserved. Service Creation Example Customer Switch SCP IP off-hook Prov inst Play announcement # 1 “Please enter you access pin number” Collect 5 digits 54321# Authenticate OK Play announcement # 2 “Please enter the number you are calling, now” 1 215 895 6208 Process call Call processing