1. Remember that you must respond in 1 FULL paragraph.
"The only way for a ruler to rule is with an iron fist and pen to write strict laws."            -Alex Downey
Remember that you must respond in 1 FULL paragraph.

2. C9:Shi Huangdi
221BCE Ying Zheng took the throne and renamed himself Shi Huangdi
Meaning “first emperor”
Followed the Legalist political beliefs
Created a strong government with strict laws and harsh punishments

3. Legalism
Legalism – the belief that people were bad by nature and needed to be controlled
This is a political philosophy without religious concerns
Deals only with government and social control

4. Society needed strict laws to keep people in line and that punishments should fit the crimes
Citizens should be held responsible for each other’s conduct

5. Unity and efficiency were 2 main principles of Legalism
United meaning that all of China should be one country and thus people should be prepared for war at all times
Efficiency meaning that those who were best for the job should get the job (not nobles or inheritance of jobs)

6. C10: Policies

7. Shi Huangdi ordered the burning of any writings that did not agree with Legalism
Saved books dealing with farming, medicine and predicting the future
Many scholars opposed the book burnings: in response Shi Huangdi burned 460 scholars (alive)

8. Expansion
First he conquered the lands around the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers
Then he went north to the Gobi Desert and south to the Xi River
To ensure that there was no rebellion after a city was conquered he would have his soldiers destroy all of the walls and take all of the weapons

10. Control Claimed all of the power for himself
Took land aways from the lords and moved their families to the capital so he could keep an eye on them
Divided China into districts, each district had its own governor
Each district was then divided into counties and these counties were governed by appointed officials
This allowed Shi Huangdi enforce his tax system

11. Building Projects
Forced commoners to work on government building projects
Workers faced years of hardship, danger and more often than not death

12. Rules and Punishments
China had different rules and punishments for different regions
Shi Huangdi unified the legal system of China

13. Unifications Unified Writing system Unified money
Standardized gold and copper coins
Standardized weights and measures

14. Achievements

15. Building Projects
Roads that connected the empire to the capital making communication easier

16. Water system Built canals that connected the country’s rivers
Irrigation to make more land good for farming

17. Great Wall of China
Barrier that linked earlier walls across China’s northern frontier
First section of the wall was built in the 600s BCE
Took hundreds of thousands of labors to build the wall (most of the workers died during the construction of the wall)

18. Terracotta Warriors
Created himself an army of terracotta warriors for the afterlife.

19. C11:The fall of the Qin
Although, Shi Huangdi’s policies unified China they also built resentment
He died in 210 BCE
Within a few years of his death the Qin Dynasty fell

20. After Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi
Rebel forces formed across the country – each group claimed to have right to the throne
Rebel forces attacked the capital and burnt it to the ground
The new emperor fled and the country fell into civil war

21. 3 of 5 What is legalism? Why did Qin Shi Huangdi burn books?
Why did Qin Shi Huangdi create a unified coinage and writing system?
How did the strict laws under Qin Shi Huangdi affect the people of his empire?
What caused the fall of Qin Dynasty?