1. Who wrote the Gospel of John? Issue of Jn 21: 24 Apostle John martyred c. 70 AD Text written c. 80-100 AD Inconsistencies: Jn 16: 5 vs. 13: 36 John’s sources: “Signs Source,” Synoptics (e.g. Jn 12: 3, 5 vs. Mk 14: 3, 5)

2. Omits, adds or redates events Miracles as signs: Jn 11: 1-44 Almost no parables No secret Messiah Eternal life in present? John’s Version of Jesus’ Ministry

3. Jesus as logos = “word” (Jn 1: 1-18; see also Prov 8: 22-36) Inversion of direction of Jesus’ movement Jesus as God incarnate (Jn 1: 1, 14; 14: 9-11; 1: 1-2) “I am” sayings: e.g. Jn 3: 19; 18: 5-8 Jesus’ glory: e.g. Jn 11: 4, 40 John’s Image of Jesus

4. Competition with followers of John the Baptist and Petrine Christians Impact of expulsion from synagogue (e.g. Jn 16: 1-4) (Also concern for conversion of non-Jews: e.g. Jn 4; 10: 16 and 12: 20-22) Jesus’ superiority to John the Baptist (Jn 1: 29-34) Johannine Community

5. Beloved disciple’s superiority: To Peter (Jn 13: 23-25; 20: 1-10) As guardian for Mary (Jn 19: 26-27) In belief (Jn 20: 1-10; 21: 7) Johannine Community

6. Features: 1. Emphasis on Jesus as source of eternal life 2. Emphasis on Holy Spirit as Jesus among community 3. Distinct community ethics 4. Distinct community rituals Johannine Community

7. 1.Emphasis on Jesus as source of eternal life: Faith in Jesus as way to God (Jn 14: 6) Jesus as scapegoat (Jn 1: 29) Eternal life as present spiritual renewal (e.g. Jn 20: 31) Johannine Community

8. 2. Emphasis on Holy Spirit as Jesus among community: Spirit as current guide (Jn 14: 16-20, 25-26) 3. Distinct community ethics: “Love one another” (e.g. Jn 13: 34-35; 15: 9-17 Johannine Community

9. 4. Distinct community rituals: Baptism (Jn 3: 22) Lord’s Supper (Jn 6: 53) Foot-washing (Jn 13: 4-15)

10. Last thoughts… Dating of crucifixion (Jn 19: 31-37) “Doubting Thomas” story (Jn 20: 19-29)