1. INCIDENCE AND ANALYSIS OF MYOPIA DR. SRINIVAS, MD GOVT. NIZAMIA HOSPITAL / PVRI HYDERABAD. INDIA I receive research reimbursement from Pushpagiri Eye Institute.

2. MYOPIA IS A COMPLEX MULTI FACTORIAL CIVILIZED OCULAR DISORDER INCREASING ITS INCIDENCE RATE THROUGH OUT THE WORLD. HIGH IN USA, JAPAN, ISRAEL, CHINA, TAIWAN, SINGAPORE AND INDIA ALSO JOINING WITH THEM.

3. 70 MILLION PEOPLE ARE MYOPES IN USA ONLY AND 30 MILLION PEOPLE ARE AFTER T.V. INVENTION AND SPENDING 3, 4 BILLION. (BEDROSSIN) THIRD MAJOR OCULAR DISORDER AFTER MACULAR DEGENERATION. YOUNGER PEOPLE LIKE SCHOOL CHILDREN AND THE PEOPLE INVOLVED IN CLOSE WORK ARE MORE MYOPES.

4. 70 MILLION PEOPLE ARE MYOPES IN USA ONLY AND 30 MILLION PEOPLE ARE AFTER T.V. INVENTION AND SPENDING 3, 4 BILLION. (BEDROSSIN) THIRD MAJOR OCULAR DISORDER AFTER MACULAR DEGENARATIION. YOUNGER PEOPLE LIKE SCHOOL CHILDREN AND THE PEOPLE INVOLVED IN CLOSE WORK ARE MORE MYOPES.

5. IT’S MULTI FACTORIAL VISUAL DISORDER WHICH IS IMMENSE SPECULATIONS AND CONTROVERSIES. IT’S THEORIES ARE FANCIFUL & CONTROVERSIES (FRONCOIS J 1982, BEDROSSION 1982) RUDIMENTARY (WILSON MR. BAKER RS. 1990)

6. ACADEMICIANS ARE NOT CONCENTRATED AS SUCH IT IS NOT ALARMING OR FRIGHTENING NOR REWARDING INCREASING OF INCIDENT, ENORMOUS EXPENDITURE, UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA OF THE YOUNG MYOPES ETC., ARE THE MAIN FACTOR TO KNOW MORE ABOUT MYOPIA

7. MATERIALS AND METHODS STUDY CONSISTS OF 30,000 MYOPES YOUNG AGE RANGE OF 6-20 YEARS BOTH SEXES DIOPTIC RANGE BETWEEN –0.75 TO –5.00 D

8. PARAMETERS EXTRA OCULAR EXAMINATION VISUAL EXAMINATION WITH AND WITHOUT GLASSES SUBJECTIVE CORRECTION CYCLOPLEGIC REFRACTION OBJECTIVE CORRECTION FUNDUS EXAMINATION

9. HISTORY, DURATION AND FAMILY HISTORY LIVING CONDITIONS DIET PATTERN (VEG, NON VEG) SOCIO-ECONOMICS STATUS PHYSICAL STATUS STUDY HOURS T.V. VIEWING COMPUTERS

10. EXCLUDED AMBLYOPIAS ASTIGMATISM UNIOCULAR MYOPIAS CORNEAL LEASIONS, KERATOPATHY AND DYSTROPHIES

11. OBSERVATION SEXWISE DISTRIBUTION SEX NO. OF CASES PERCENTAGE MALE 10,000 33.3% FEMALE 20,000 66.6%

12. DIOPTERS WISE DISTRIBUTION DIOPTERSNO. OF CASESPERCENTAGE -1.00 –1.99 3000 11.5% -2.00 –2.99 10,000 33.3% -3.00 –3.99 8,000 26.6% -4.00 –5.00 9,000 30.00%

13. FAMILY HISTORY OF USING GLASSES NO. OF CASESPERCENTAGE MOTHERS500016.6% FATHERS700023.3% BOTH PARENTS800026.6% NO PARENTS10,00033.3%

14. SOCIO-ECONOMICAL DISTRIBUTION GROUPNO. OF CASESPERCENTAGE HIGH INCOME 12,00040% MODERATE 10,00033.3% LOW INCOME 8,00026.6%

15. INVOLVEMENT OF SCHOOL NON-SCHOOL GOERS TYPENO. OF CASESPERCENTAGE SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN20,00066.6% NON-SCHOOL GOERS10,00033.3%

16. DIETITIC PATTERN TYPENO. OF CASESPERCENTAGE VEGETARIANS18,00060% NON-VEGETARIANS12,00040%

17. PHYSICAL APPERANCE (BODY MASS) TYPE NO. OF CASESPERCENTAGE GOOD15,00050% MODERATE8,00026.6% POOR7,00023.3%

18. DISTRIBUTION OF NEAR WORK INVOLVMENT GROUPNO. OF CASESPERCENTAGE STUDY700023.3% STUDY + T V VIEWING 800026.6% STUDY + T V + COMPUTERS15,00050%

19. LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING CONDITION NO. OF CASES PERCENTAGE SLUM AREA600020% MODERATE900030% HIGHER15,00050%

20. DISTRIBUTION OF URBAN & RURAL GROUPNO. OF CASESPERCENTAGE URBAN1500050% RURAL600020% MIGRATED900030%

21. DISCUSSION EXTENSIVE EPIDEMILOGICAL STUDIES CARRIED IN THE WORLD IT MAY VARY FROM COUNTRY TO COUNTRY THEORIES LIKE HERIDITARY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ARE MORE ACCEPTED

22. INCIDENCE OF MYOPIA INCREASING IN THE WORLD AND INDIA IS ALSO JOINING IN THEM, BECAUSE OF CIVILIZATION, INCREASING STANDARD OF LIFE ETC.

23. FEMALE CHILDREN INCIDENCE IS HIGHER BECAUSE OF THEIR LIMITED EXTRA ACTIVITIES, MORE INVOLVMENT IN STUDIES AND THEORIES HARMONAL CHANGES (CHEN. CY. LEE. LIN. LK 1990)

24. MORE MYOPIC CASES I.E. 33.3% WHERE THEIR PARENTS ARE NOT MYOPES INDICATES THE MORE ENVIRONMENTAL. SIMILAR OBSERVATIONS MADE BY (CHEN (90) PARSSINEN. LYRA (93)

25. HIGHER SOCIO-ECONOMIC INVOLVMENT IS MORE DUE TO THEIR HIGH STANDARD OF LIVING, HIGH COLORIC INTAKING, VIEWING T.V., AUDIO VISUAL AND COMPUTER ETC.

26. SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN ARE MORE MYOPES THAN NON-GOERS MORE AND MORE CLOSE WORK LIKE STUDY, T.V. AND COMPUTERS WILL ENHANCE THE PREVALANCE OF MYOPIA

27. VEGETARIANS DIET IS NUTRITIOUS AND ANTOXID, GREAT PEOPLE LIKE PYTHOGOROUS, MILTON, NEWTON, BERNARD SHAW WERE VEGETARIANS

28. HIGH INCIDENCE OF MYOPIA SEEN IN GOOD PHYSICAL LOOK. IT IS RELATED BODY DEVELOPMENT ALONG WITH AXIAL LENGTH. YOUNGER GENERATION ARE TALLER THAN OLDER.

29. MYOPIA VARIES FROM NATION TO NATION ACCORDING TO THEIR LIFE STYLES, HABITS, LIVING CONDITIONS, GENETIC FACTORS AND FOOD PATTERN ETC.