1. Human Geography

2. What is Human Geography? Human geography studies humans and human behavior as it affects the earth’s surface. As one geographer put it “The function of geography is to train future citizens to imagine accurately the conditions of the great world stage and so help them to think sanely about political and social problems in the world around them” (Norton, 1998).

3. World Population

4. Facts about the World’s Population The current world population is 7.088 billion people. The three most populous nations are: China – 1.341 billion India – 1.224 billion USA – 310 million Tokyo Japan has a population of 37.1 million people while Canada has a population of 34.5 million people total. There are 16 Megacities (cities with populations of more than 10 million people) currently in the world. Finally the population of Saskatchewan is 1 million there are more than 300 cities with a population of over 1 million.

5. Facts about the World’s Population The average person in the world is a 28 year old Han Chinese male, though it was nearly female as the ratio is 1.01 males to females and by 2030 he will be from India. 19% of the population live in China and 17% live in India while only 0.48% live in Canada and 4.5% live in the USA. 13% of the world’s population speaks Mandarin while only 5% speak English. The average person makes less than $12 000 (US) a year.

6. World Population Growth

7. According to the UN the world’s population will level off at 10 billion people about 120 years from now. Video Clip Questions  How many people can the earth support?  At what level of well-being?

8. Question – Can we sustain this population?

9. One strand of thought, represented by the Cornucopian theory discards the notion of a human carrying capacity altogether, claiming that the additional people will provide sufficient creativity and innovation to break through any possible natural barriers to human population growth. Another strand of thought, represented by the NeoMalthusian theory states that there are limits on human carrying capacity placed by the environment and that the human population will eventually, possibly very soon, out grow our capacity to produce food and energy.

10. Question – At what level of being? Other authors, such as Cohen, suggests we think in terms of three possible (and non-exclusive) solutions:  Make a bigger pie: Increase human productive capacities through technology and innovation  Put fewer forks on the table: Reduce numbers and expectations of people through such means as family planning and vegetarian diets  Teach better manners: Change the terms of people’s interactions through improved planning and government to enhance social justice.

11. Canada

12. Facts about Canada’s Population Canada’s current population is 34.6 million people 28% of the population is of British decent, 23% are French decent and 4% are of Aboriginal decent The First Nations population increased 29% between 1996 and 2006, 3.5 times the growth rate of 8% for the non- Aboriginal population. The average age is 41.5 years old (males 40.2, females 42.7) The fertility rate (# of children born to a woman) is 1.59 The average life expectance is 81.57 (males 78.98, females 84.31) Obesity rate is 26.2%

14. What does this Mean? What do the stats from the previous slides mean for Canada?  What types of jobs will be available?  How long will you have to work? 30 years, 40, 50, 60?  Will we still have free health care?  What will happen to our taxes?

15. Canadian Immigration Canadian immigration rate is 0.8% or +5.65/1 000 people a year Between 1991 and 2000 Canada admitted 2.2 million immigrants the highest number in a century and the majority of these immigrants were of working age. The provinces with the highest immigrant populations were Ontario, 27% and B.C., 26%. In the prairies Regina had the lowest population of visible minorities, 5%, of major cities and Saskatoon had the second lowest, 6%, compared to Toronto which has one of the highest in North America, with 44% of the population having been born in a foreign country.

16. Canadian Immigration Immigrants are twice as likely to have a university degree compared to Canadian born population Yet they tend to earn only 60% of what the Canadian born population does, a number that has gotten worse since the 1970s. According to Stats Canada only provincial nominee immigrants make similar wages to Canadians. Canada currently has over 300 000 temporary foreign workers working a wide variety of jobs from mining to computers to Tim Horton's

17. What does this Mean? What is the impact of immigration on:  Canadian security?  Canadian employment and salaries?  Services provided?  Canadian culture? Is immigration good for Canada or not? Why?