1. Reproductive System

2. Male Reproductive System Epididymis 2. Epididymis: storage site where sperm mature vas deferens 3. Move into a tube, vas deferens, before entering the urethra. Testis 1. Testis: sperm produced within seminiferous tubules The testis are kept at ideal temperature for sperm development within the scrotum.

3. Female Reproductive System Eggs released by the ovary travel through the fluid-filled fallopian tubes by microscopic cilia to the muscular uterus. The lining of the uterus is prepared to receive a fertilized egg.

4. The Menstrual Cycle estrogen Follicles begin to develop – cells around egg produce estrogen which causes the lining of the uterus to thicken FSH LH Hypothalamus reacts to low estrogen levels, causing the anterior pituitary to release FSH & LH Follicular Phase:Ovulation: High levels of estrogen causes the pituitary gland to release large amounts of FSH & LH Follicle ruptures, releasing the egg Luteal Phase: corpus luteum progesterone Cells of the follicle transform into the corpus luteum which releases estrogen and progesterone If the egg is fertilized, it will implant in the uterine wall and release HCG which maintains the corpus luteum. Menstruation: If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum disintegrates and estrogen & progesterone levels fall triggering menstruation

5. Menstrual Cycle – Example of Feedback Regulation positive feedback High levels of estrogen cause an increase in secretion of FSH & LH: positive feedback (#4) negative feedback Progesterone results in the inhibition of FSH & LH secretion: negative feedback (#8)

6. Diseases of the Reproductive System Can be caused by a variety of pathogens including bacteria, viruses, protists and fungi. ChlamydiaExample of Bacterial disease: Chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomosis Cervical cells infected with Chlamydia Chlamydia facts: Most common STD Men – no symptoms Women – can lead to infertility due to scarring of fallopian tubes

7. Example of a viral reproductive disease: Human papillomavirus (HPV) Diseases of the Reproductive System Cervical cells infected with HPV HPV Facts: Over 100 types of this wart- causing virus Over 30 are linked with cervical cancer According to the CDC, over 50% of men & women will have HPV at some time in their lives